The following are examples of long bones EXCEPT

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Long bones are longer than wide, in limbs. 'Carpals,' is correct as the exception, short bones in the wrist, per anatomy (e.g., Tortora). 'Humerus,' 'Femur,' and 'Tibia,' are long bones. Carpals' compact shape makes C the precise answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Sterilization eliminates all microbes. 'Incubation,' is correct as the exception, growing organisms, per microbiology (e.g., Prescott). 'Autoclaving,' uses steam. 'Dry heat,' uses ovens. 'Filtration,' removes microbes. Incubation's growth purpose makes D the accurate answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Zoonotic diseases transfer from animals to humans. 'Influenza,' is correct as the exception, primarily human-to-human, though some strains (e.g., avian) are zoonotic, per epidemiology (e.g., Morens). 'Rabies,' 'Anthrax,' and 'Tuberculosis,' are zoonotic. Influenza's typical transmission makes D the accurate answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Congenital anomalies are birth defects. 'Pneumonia,' is correct as the exception, an acquired infection, per pediatrics (e.g., Nelson). 'Cleft palate,' 'Spina bifida,' and 'Club foot,' are congenital. Pneumonia's post-birth onset makes D the accurate answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Fungal diseases are caused by fungi. 'Malaria,' is correct as the exception, protozoan (Plasmodium), per mycology (e.g., Alexopoulos). 'Ringworm,' 'Candidiasis,' and 'Athlete's foot,' are fungal. Malaria's parasitic nature makes C the accurate answer.