ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The first step in applying the quality improvement process to an activity in a clinical setting is to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Quality improvement begins with identifying a problem (C) (e.g., high infection rates), providing a focus for subsequent steps like team assembly (A), data collection (B), and standard-setting (D). Without a defined issue, other actions lack direction, making C the essential first step.
Question 2 of 5
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) reduces sodium reabsorption (B) in the collecting duct, promoting natriuresis to lower volume. It doesn't increase water (A), form AII (C), or increase sodium (D), making B the correct effect.
Question 3 of 5
Match the description 'Active transport of sodium; impermeable to water' to the structure: A) proximal convoluted tubule, B) descending limb of the nephron loop, C) collecting duct, D) ascending limb of the nephron loop.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ascending limb (D) actively transports sodium via Na/K/2Cl pumps and is impermeable to water, diluting filtrate. The proximal tubule (A) reabsorbs water, descending limb (B) is water-permeable, and collecting duct (C) varies with ADH, making D the match.
Question 4 of 5
The term cystitis refers to an infection of the urinary bladder
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cystitis is inflammation of the bladder, typically from bacterial infection (A), a true medical term. False (B) would mischaracterize this common urinary condition, making A correct.
Question 5 of 5
The main solute component of urine is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urea (A), a nitrogenous waste from protein metabolism, is the primary solute in urine (~50% of solids). Glucose (B) is absent normally, agglutin (C) is invalid, and urobilinogen (D) is minor, making A correct.