ATI LPN
Cardiovascular MCQ Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The ductus arteriosus allows fetal blood to bypass the nonfunctioning fetal liver.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the nonfunctional fetal lungs.
Question 2 of 5
If damaged, which valve could allow blood to leak back into the left ventricle?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: If the aortic semilunar valve is damaged, blood may leak back into the left ventricle.
Question 3 of 5
The greatest resistance to blood flow occurs in the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Arterioles provide the greatest resistance to blood flow due to their small diameter and muscular walls.
Question 4 of 5
While assessing a 68-yr-old with ascites, the nurse also notes jugular venous distention (JVD) with the head of the patient's bed elevated 45 degrees. The nurse knows this finding indicates
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The jugular veins empty into the superior vena cava and then into the right atrium, so JVD with the patient sitting at a 45-degree angle reflects increased right atrial pressure. JVD is an indicator of excessive fluid volume (increased preload), not decreased fluid volume. JVD is not caused by incompetent jugular vein valves or atherosclerosis.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who is receiving dobutamine for the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) has the following nursing interventions included in the plan of care. Which action will be most appropriate for the registered nurse (RN) to delegate to an experienced licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An experienced LPN/LVN would be able to monitor BP and heart rate and would know to report significant changes to the RN. Teaching patients, making adjustments to the drip rate for vasoactive drugs, and inserting a new peripheral IV catheter require RN level education and scope of practice.