ATI LPN
Respiratory System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The difference between a person's maximum cardiac output and resting cardiac output is called the
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cardiac reserve is the difference between maximum cardiac output (e.g., during exercise, ~20 L/min) and resting CO (~5 L/min), reflecting the heart's capacity to increase pumping. Stroke volume is per beat. Peripheral resistance is vascular opposition, not output. Afterload is arterial pressure resisted. Reserve, boosted by rate and contractility, gauges heart health, key in fitness and failure where it diminishes, a vital performance indicator.
Question 2 of 5
The organs of the respiratory zone of the respiratory system include all the following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The trachea (A) is not in the respiratory zone, per the key it's a conducting zone organ. Small bronchioles (B), alveolar ducts (C), and alveoli (D) form the respiratory zone, enabling gas exchange (e.g., 5-6 L/min air). The trachea conducts air (C-shaped cartilage), not exchanging gases. Respiratory zone structures (terminal bronchioles onward) have thin walls (0.5 μm) for O₂/CO₂ diffusion, per anatomy. The trachea's role airway patency (15-20 cm long) contrasts with B's transition, C's channeling, and D's 300 million exchange sites, excluding A from the gas-exchange zone.
Question 3 of 5
When assisting with psychological issues for the client with lung cancer, which epidemiological factor should the nurse keep in mind?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lung cancer's 5-year survival <15% (A) is key, per document (1). SEER data show 18% overall, worse for late-stage (e.g., 5% stage IV). Symptoms late (B false 70% advanced at diagnosis), growth varies (C inaccurate bronchial or peripheral), and smoking duration (D) is risk, not psychology focus. A's grim prognosis 90% mortality shapes counseling (e.g., hopelessness), distinguishing it from D's etiology.
Question 4 of 5
The parents of an infant with bronchiolitis ask the nurse why their baby's room has a sign on the door that says 'contact precautions' and why the nurses all wear gloves and gowns when they hold him. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Precautions prevent viral spread' (A) best explains contact precautions for bronchiolitis (RSV), per document (1). Gloves/gowns block droplet/contact transmission (e.g., 10ⶠvirions/mL mucus), protecting others. B's focus on severity is true but less precise. C's protection reverses direction. D's generalization is false. A's clarity 30% hospital spread risk educates, unlike C's inaccuracy, per CDC.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse teaches a mother how to attach a spacer to the metered-dose inhaler for a young child. How should the nurse explain the purpose of the spacer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Spacers reduce oral yeast risk (D) by deepening medication delivery, per document (4). They aerosolize drugs (e.g., budesonide), cutting throat deposition (50% less), lowering thrush odds (10% to 2%). Intimidation (A) is minor. Shaking (B) remains needed. Upper tract focus (C) is false. D's lung targeting 80% deposition enhances efficacy, unlike C's error, per GINA.