ATI LPN
Pediatric Gi Nclex Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The deficiency in brain and spinal fluid in patients with pyridoxine (vitamin B6) dependency with seizures is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pyridoxine dependency reduces GABA due to impaired glutamic acid decarboxylase, causing seizures (NORD). B-E are unrelated.
Question 2 of 5
A newborn with a history of maternal polyhydramnios failed to pass meconium within the first 24 hours of life. He appears with abdominal distension and bilious vomiting. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Duodenal atresia matches polyhydramnios, bilious vomiting, and obstruction, per AAP. A, C-E are less consistent.
Question 3 of 5
A child with a history of cystic fibrosis is diagnosed to have pneumonia based on chest x-ray findings. The sputum culture reveals Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The next step in management is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: IV antibiotics are the standard for Pseudomonas pneumonia in cystic fibrosis, per CFF. A, B, D, E are inadequate alone.
Question 4 of 5
A child appears with chronic cough and failure to thrive. Physical examination reveals nasal polyps and digital clubbing. Sweat chloride test is positive. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis matches chronic cough, failure to thrive, polyps, clubbing, and positive sweat test, per CFF. A-C, E don’t fit.
Question 5 of 5
A 3-month-old infant presents with seizures and hypotonia. MRI shows periventricular leukomalacia. Most likely cause is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy causes periventricular leukomalacia in infants, per AAP, often from perinatal asphyxia. B-E are less likely.