ATI LPN
ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The community mental health nurse is planning to visit four clients with schizophrenia today. Which client should the nurse see first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The mother who took her children from school because aliens were after them should be seen first. This choice indicates potential harm to the children due to the mother's delusions, posing an immediate safety concern. The nurse needs to assess the situation and ensure the children's safety. Choices B, C, and D do not present immediate safety risks. B is a history of substance abuse but no current immediate danger. C is newly diagnosed and can wait for evaluation, as can D who may need support but is not in immediate danger. Prioritizing safety is crucial in mental health nursing.
Question 2 of 5
What is the primary goal of care for a client experiencing esophageal varices secondary to liver cirrhosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary goal of care for a client with esophageal varices secondary to liver cirrhosis is to control bleeding. This is because esophageal varices can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage. By controlling bleeding, we can prevent severe complications and potentially save the client's life. Preventing infection (Choice A) is important but not the primary goal in this case. Reducing portal hypertension (Choice C) is a long-term goal and may help prevent variceal bleeding in the future, but it is not the immediate priority. Maintaining nutritional status (Choice D) is important for overall health but is not the primary goal when managing acute bleeding from esophageal varices.
Question 3 of 5
When caring for a client with hepatic encephalopathy, why is a low-protein diet recommended by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increased ammonia levels. In hepatic encephalopathy, the liver is unable to metabolize ammonia into urea, leading to increased ammonia levels in the blood. A low-protein diet helps reduce ammonia production in the gut, thereby decreasing ammonia levels in the blood and improving symptoms. Hyperglycemia (A) and hypoglycemia (B) are not directly related to the rationale for a low-protein diet in hepatic encephalopathy. Electrolyte imbalance (D) is not specifically addressed by a low-protein diet in this context.
Question 4 of 5
What is the primary cause of jaundice in a client with liver cirrhosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary cause of jaundice in a client with liver cirrhosis is increased bilirubin levels. Liver cirrhosis impairs the liver's ability to process bilirubin, leading to its accumulation in the bloodstream. This excess bilirubin then causes the yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes characteristic of jaundice. Incorrect Choices: A: Decreased bile production is not the primary cause of jaundice in liver cirrhosis. While decreased bile flow may contribute to jaundice, it is secondary to the impaired bilirubin processing. C: Hepatic inflammation is a common feature of liver cirrhosis but is not the direct cause of jaundice in this context. D: Portal hypertension is a complication of liver cirrhosis but is not the primary cause of jaundice.
Question 5 of 5
A client with cirrhosis is at risk for bleeding. Which laboratory test is most important to monitor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prothrombin time (PT). In cirrhosis, the liver's ability to produce clotting factors is impaired, leading to a higher risk of bleeding. Monitoring PT helps assess the liver's synthetic function and the blood's ability to clot. Abnormal PT values indicate a higher bleeding risk and guide interventions like vitamin K or blood products. Blood glucose (A), serum creatinine (B), and electrolytes (D) do not directly reflect the liver's synthetic function or clotting status in cirrhosis, making them less relevant for monitoring bleeding risk.