ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Disease Quiz Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The common denominator in all forms of heart failure is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The common manifestation of all forms of heart failure is the failure of the heart to pump blood adequately. The clinical presentation may differ depending on which ventricle fails (left or right, or both). Poor diastolic filling is not seen in all forms of heart failure. Pulmonary edema is seen in left-sided failure. Tissue ischemia is directly related to myocardial infarction, which may induce heart failure.
Question 2 of 5
You are assisting a patient up from the bed to the bathroom. The patient has swelling in the feet and legs. The patient is receiving treatment for heart failure and is taking Hydralazine and Isordil. Which of the following is a nursing priority for this patient while assisting them to the bathroom?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assisting slowly (B) prevents orthostatic hypotension, a risk with vasodilators like Hydralazine and Isordil, especially with edema.
Question 3 of 5
What substance prevents friction when the heart contracts?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The fluid in the pericardial cavity, produced by the serous pericardium, lubricates the heart, reducing friction as it contracts and expands.
Question 4 of 5
During change-of-shift report, the nurse obtains the following information about a hypertensive patient who received the first dose of nadolol(Corgard) during the previous shift. Which information indicates that the patient needs immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most urgent concern for this patient is the wheezes, which indicate that bronchospasm(a common adverse effect of the noncardioselective b-blockers) is occurring. The nurse should immediately obtain an oxygen saturation measurement, apply supplemental oxygen, and notify the health care provider. The mild decrease in heart rate and complaint of cold fingers and toes are associated with b-receptor blockade but do not require any change in therapy. The BP reading may indicate that a change in medication type or dose may be indicated. However, this is not as urgently needed as addressing the bronchospasm.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with primary hypertension complains of dizziness with ambulation. The patient is currently on an alpha-adrenergic blocker and the nurse assesses characteristic signs and symptoms of postural hypotension. When teaching this patient about risks associated with postural hypotension, what should the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients who experience postural hypotension should be taught to rise slowly from a lying or sitting position and use a cane or walker if necessary for safety. It is not necessary to teach these patients about increasing fluids or taking medication in the morning (this would increase the effects of dizziness). Patient should not be taught to stop the medication if dizziness persists because this is unsafe and beyond the nurse's scope of practice.