ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 9
The client's B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level is 691 pg/mL. Which intervention should the nurse implement when providing care for the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated BNP levels are indicative of heart failure, which often causes fluid retention and weight gain. Taking daily weights and monitoring trends allows the nurse to assess for changes in fluid status. This intervention helps in evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment plan and identifying worsening heart failure symptoms early.
Question 2 of 9
An ambulatory clinic nurse is interviewing a client who is complaining of flu-like symptoms. The client suddenly develops chest pain. Which question best assists the nurse in discriminating pain caused by a non-cardiac problem?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain that worsens with breathing in can indicate pleuritic chest pain, which is non-cardiac in nature. This specific question helps in differentiating non-cardiac causes from cardiac causes of chest pain, as cardiac pain typically does not worsen with breathing.
Question 3 of 9
A client with peripheral arterial disease complains of leg pain while walking. The nurse should reinforce which teaching point with the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For clients with peripheral arterial disease experiencing leg pain while walking, gradually increasing daily walking distance is beneficial. This approach helps improve circulation, build tolerance, and reduce symptoms over time. Compression stockings can also be recommended for some clients to assist with circulation, but the priority teaching point in this scenario is to promote gradual increases in walking distance to enhance vascular health and symptom management.
Question 4 of 9
A client with known coronary artery disease (CAD) begins to experience chest pain while getting out of bed. What action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a client with CAD experiences chest pain, it indicates myocardial ischemia. The nurse should have the client stop the activity and lie back down in bed to reduce the heart's oxygen demand, decrease myocardial workload, and prevent further ischemia. This action helps in improving blood flow to the heart and can potentially alleviate the chest pain.
Question 5 of 9
The client at risk for thrombophlebitis receives reinforcement from the LPN/LVN regarding measures to minimize its occurrence. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of this information?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Taking frequent walks and avoiding prolonged bed rest are essential measures to promote circulation and reduce the risk of thrombophlebitis. Physical activity helps prevent blood from pooling and clotting in the veins, thus decreasing the likelihood of thrombophlebitis development.
Question 6 of 9
The client with Raynaud's phenomenon is being taught by the nurse about preventing episodes. Which instruction should the nurse reinforce?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wearing gloves in cold weather is essential for preventing vasoconstriction and subsequent episodes of Raynaud's phenomenon. Cold temperatures can trigger vasospasms in individuals with Raynaud's, and wearing gloves helps maintain warmth and prevent the constriction of blood vessels in the extremities, reducing the likelihood of an episode.
Question 7 of 9
The client with myocardial infarction should reduce intake of saturated fat and cholesterol. Which food items from the dietary menu would assist the nurse in helping the client comply with diet therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C, which includes baked haddock, steamed broccoli, herbed rice, and sliced strawberries, is the most appropriate choice for a client with myocardial infarction looking to reduce saturated fat and cholesterol intake. This meal is low in saturated fats and cholesterol, making it a heart-healthy option that aligns with the dietary recommendations for such clients.
Question 8 of 9
A client with a diagnosis of angina pectoris returns to the nursing unit after experiencing an angioplasty. The nurse reinforces instructions to the client regarding the procedure and home care measures. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adhering to dietary restrictions is crucial in managing heart health post-angioplasty.
Question 9 of 9
A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of pericarditis. The nurse reviews the client's record for which sign or symptom that differentiates pericarditis from other cardiopulmonary problems?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pericardial friction rub is a distinctive sign of pericarditis, characterized by a scraping or grating sound heard on auscultation, which helps differentiate pericarditis from other cardiopulmonary conditions. Anterior chest pain may be present in various cardiopulmonary issues. Weakness and irritability are nonspecific symptoms, and chest pain worsening with inspiration is more indicative of pleuritic conditions.