ATI LPN
Adult Medical Surgical ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client with newly diagnosed hypertension is being taught about lifestyle modifications. Which recommendation should be made?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, engaging in at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week. Regular exercise helps lower blood pressure by strengthening the heart, improving blood flow, and reducing stress. It also helps with weight management, which is crucial for hypertension. Choice A is incorrect because saturated fats can increase the risk of heart disease and worsen hypertension. Choice B is incorrect because excessive alcohol intake can raise blood pressure. Choice D is incorrect because excessive salt intake can lead to high blood pressure. Overall, regular exercise is a key lifestyle modification for managing hypertension.
Question 2 of 5
The client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is being taught about dietary modifications by the nurse. Which instruction should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid lying down immediately after eating. This instruction helps prevent acid reflux by allowing gravity to aid in digestion. Lying down can cause stomach acid to flow back up the esophagus, exacerbating GERD symptoms. Increasing intake of spicy foods (A) can irritate the esophagus, consuming a high-fat diet (C) can delay stomach emptying and worsen symptoms, and drinking caffeinated beverages with meals (D) can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, leading to more reflux.
Question 3 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed tiotropium (Spiriva). Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rinse your mouth after using the inhaler. This instruction is important because tiotropium is an inhaled medication that can cause dry mouth and increase the risk of oral thrush. Rinsing the mouth after each use helps reduce these side effects. A: Using the medication only during acute exacerbations is incorrect because tiotropium is a maintenance medication for COPD to improve lung function and reduce symptoms. C: Taking the medication with food is unnecessary as tiotropium can be taken with or without food. D: Increasing fluid intake to at least 3 liters per day is not specifically related to tiotropium use and is not necessary for all COPD patients.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) who is receiving warfarin (Coumadin). Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prothrombin time (PT). Warfarin affects the clotting process by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Monitoring PT helps assess the effectiveness of warfarin therapy and prevent complications like bleeding. Platelet count (A) is important but not directly affected by warfarin. Hemoglobin level (C) and white blood cell count (D) are not typically affected by warfarin therapy.
Question 5 of 5
When assessing a client with a chest tube connected to suction, which observation indicates that the chest tube is functioning properly?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Steady bubbling in the suction control chamber. This indicates proper functioning as it shows that the suction is maintaining a consistent pressure, which is essential for effective drainage and lung re-expansion. Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber (choice A) indicates an air leak. Intermittent bubbling in the suction control chamber (choice B) could suggest fluctuating pressure. No fluctuation in the water seal chamber (choice C) indicates either a blockage or disconnection. Steady bubbling in the suction control chamber (choice D) indicates the suction is working consistently, ensuring proper drainage and lung re-expansion.