ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Assessment A Questions
Question 1 of 9
The client with heart failure is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse should monitor the client for which sign of digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bradycardia is a common sign of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin can cause disturbances in the heart's electrical conduction system, leading to a slower heart rate. Therefore, the nurse should closely monitor the client's heart rate for signs of bradycardia, which could indicate digoxin toxicity.
Question 2 of 9
A client who had a myocardial infarction (MI) two days ago reports chest pain radiating to the left arm. What should the nurse do immediately?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obtaining an ECG is crucial in this situation because it helps in assessing for potential complications, such as a recurrent MI or ongoing ischemia. This diagnostic test provides valuable information to guide further interventions and treatment. Administering morphine, oxygen, or nitroglycerin may be necessary but obtaining an ECG takes precedence to evaluate the cardiac status and determine the appropriate course of action.
Question 3 of 9
The client with a diagnosis of heart failure is receiving furosemide (Lasix). Which laboratory value is most important for the nurse to monitor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a client is receiving furosemide, which is a loop diuretic, it can lead to potassium loss. Therefore, monitoring the serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent life-threatening complications such as cardiac arrhythmias.
Question 4 of 9
The patient with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) is prescribed aspirin. What instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Taking aspirin with food is recommended to prevent gastrointestinal irritation and upset, which are common side effects of aspirin. It helps to protect the stomach lining and reduce the risk of developing ulcers. This instruction is crucial in promoting medication adherence and minimizing discomfort for the patient.
Question 5 of 9
A client with hypertension is prescribed enalapril (Vasotec). The nurse should monitor the client for which adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Enalapril, an ACE inhibitor, can lead to hypotension, particularly following the initial dose or dosage escalation. This effect is due to the medication's mechanism of action in dilating blood vessels, which can result in lowered blood pressure. Monitoring for hypotension is crucial to prevent complications such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting in clients taking enalapril.
Question 6 of 9
The healthcare provider is reviewing the medication orders for a client with angina pectoris. Which medication is typically prescribed to prevent angina attacks?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is the medication typically prescribed to prevent angina attacks. It works by dilating blood vessels, increasing blood flow, and reducing the heart's workload, hence relieving angina symptoms. Aspirin is often used to prevent blood clots, Atenolol is a beta-blocker used to manage high blood pressure and chest pain, and Simvastatin is a statin medication primarily used to lower cholesterol levels.
Question 7 of 9
The nurse is caring for a client with coronary artery disease (CAD) who reports chest pain. The nurse administers nitroglycerin as prescribed. What is the next priority action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After administering nitroglycerin, the next priority action is to monitor the client's blood pressure. Nitroglycerin can cause vasodilation and subsequent hypotension, so it is crucial to assess the client's blood pressure to prevent complications and ensure safety.
Question 8 of 9
The healthcare professional is caring for a client who has just returned from a cardiac catheterization. The healthcare professional should prioritize which assessment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing the puncture site for bleeding is a critical assessment after a cardiac catheterization procedure. This is essential to detect and address any potential complications promptly, such as hemorrhage or hematoma formation. Monitoring the puncture site helps ensure early intervention and prevent further complications, making it the priority assessment in this situation.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse is teaching a client about lifestyle changes to manage hypertension. Which dietary change should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Limiting sodium intake is a key dietary change to manage hypertension, as excessive sodium can raise blood pressure.