ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Final Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client underwent a colon surgery yesterday, and just started on ice chips today, Which of the following assessment findings demonstrates a need for nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Absence of bowel sounds post-colon surgery e.g., ileus needs intervention (e.g., notify MD), unlike hypoactive (returning), mixed, or hyperactive (normalizing). Nurses assess e.g., auscultation for complications, per post-op care.
Question 2 of 5
When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Evidence-based practice (EBP) follows a systematic process to integrate research into care, with evaluating practice change as the final step. It begins with formulating a clinical question to identify the issue, followed by searching and appraising the literature to gather and assess evidence. Implementing the change comes next, but evaluation critically appraising the change's impact, like improved patient outcomes or cost-effectiveness completes the cycle. This step ensures the intervention works in practice, not just theory, by analyzing data like recovery rates or patient feedback. It's a reflective process, allowing nurses to refine or discard changes, ensuring EBP remains dynamic and patient-focused. This closure distinguishes EBP from mere research application, embedding continuous improvement into nursing practice for sustained quality and safety.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is explaining the purpose of the Healthy People 2030 initiative to a client. Which goal(s) will the nurse point out as included?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Healthy People 2030 sets national goals to improve health equity and outcomes, including increasing health insurance access to reduce disparities, a measurable target tied to better care utilization. Decreasing new cancer diagnoses aims to lower chronic disease rates through prevention, like screening or lifestyle changes. Boosting medical degrees among underrepresented groups enhances workforce diversity, addressing cultural competence needs. Improving hearing and visual health via education prevents disability progression. Building disability-specific facilities isn't a goal; rather, it's about enhancing existing access. These objectives insurance, cancer reduction, diversity tackle root causes of inequity, aligning with nursing's advocacy for accessible, preventive care, impacting clients broadly by 2030.
Question 4 of 5
A client who is dying states to the nurse, 'I'm not ready to go yet; there's so much left to do.' Which nursing action promotes the client's health at this time?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a dying client expresses unfinished business, promoting health means supporting emotional and spiritual peace, not physical longevity. Asking what remains undone maybe reconciling with a loved one or recording memories and planning to address it empowers the client, reducing distress and fostering closure. This aligns with nursing's holistic focus, prioritizing psychological well-being at life's end over false cures. Reassuring without action dismisses their fears, while life-prolonging strategies ignore the terminal reality, potentially increasing frustration. Calling family hastily might overwhelm, not directly tackling the client's needs. By facilitating resolution like arranging a call to a estranged child the nurse promotes dignity and acceptance, key to health in dying, ensuring the client's final moments reflect their values, not just physical care.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing care for a 2-month-old infant scheduled for a pyloromyotomy. Which of the following pre-operative actions can the nurse expect to perform? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For a 2-month-old infant undergoing a pyloromyotomy to correct pyloric stenosis, pre-operative nursing actions focus on safety and preparation for anesthesia and surgery. Keeping the infant NPO (nothing by mouth) as ordered (D) is critical to prevent aspiration during anesthesia, a standard pre-operative protocol for all surgical patients, especially infants. Allowing breastfeeding 1 hour before surgery (A) contradicts NPO guidelines, risking complications like vomiting or aspiration, making it incorrect. Reviewing coagulation study results (B) is important, as infants with pyloric stenosis may have electrolyte imbalances affecting clotting, but it's not the most immediate action. Avoiding all pre-operative sedation (C) is impractical, as sedation may be needed based on medical orders, not universally avoided. Other options like beginning IV fluids (E) and placing an NG tube (F) are relevant but context-specific. Since the CSV requires one correct answer, D is chosen as the most universally applicable and critical action, ensuring the infant's safety by adhering to NPO status, a fundamental pre-operative standard.