The client has been diagnosed to have glomerulonephritis. What should the nurse observe in the urine?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The presence of blood in the urine (hematuria) is a common indicator of glomerulonephritis due to inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys, causing leakage of red blood cells into the urine. White blood cells and glucose are typically not associated with this condition. Albumin is commonly seen in conditions like nephrotic syndrome, not necessarily in glomerulonephritis. In summary, observing blood in the urine is crucial for detecting glomerulonephritis, as it indicates kidney inflammation and damage.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Supine or side-lying positioning. This positioning helps prevent trauma to the surgical site, promotes comfort, and facilitates optimal healing. Prone positioning (A) may increase the risk of pressure on the surgical area. Suctioning with a Yankauer device (B) is not indicated unless necessary for airway clearance. Avoiding soft elbow restraints (D) is not directly related to cleft-lip repair care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Observing for signs of hypovolemic shock. This is the highest-priority nursing intervention because a lacerated spleen can lead to severe internal bleeding and hypovolemic shock, which is a life-threatening condition. Monitoring for signs such as tachycardia, hypotension, pallor, and altered mental status is crucial for early detection and prompt intervention. Maintaining IV fluids (B) is important, but monitoring for shock takes precedence. Implementing strict bedrest (C) may be necessary, but it is not the highest priority. Administering blood products (D) may be needed, but assessing for shock comes first to guide the need for blood products.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it emphasizes the importance of monitoring the child's weight and height to ensure they reach normal levels, which is crucial for their overall health and growth. This information helps the parents understand the expected timeline for improvement. A: Ice cream may contain gluten unless specified gluten-free, so it is not a safe dessert option for a child with celiac disease. C: Processed foods often contain hidden sources of gluten, so it is essential for parents to carefully read labels and choose certified gluten-free options. D: While insurance coverage for celiac diets varies, it is not the most critical aspect to emphasize when educating parents of a newly diagnosed child.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Proper dental care for children involves both parents and children. In this scenario, the father acknowledges his role in helping the child develop good oral hygiene habits. Step 2: The father's statement shows understanding that children at this age may not be able to brush their teeth effectively on their own, hence the need for parental assistance. Step 3: By stating that he will encourage his son to brush his teeth after thorough cleaning, the father is promoting proper dental care habits in the child. Step 4: This approach instills the importance of oral hygiene in the child from an early age, setting a foundation for lifelong dental health. Summary: A: Incorrect. Baby teeth are essential for proper speech development, nutrition, and guiding permanent teeth. C: Incorrect. Permanent teeth typically begin to come in around 6 years of age, not 4 to 5. D: Incorrect. Fluoride supplements are important for dental health and should be continued as recommended by the dentist.