The client admitted with a diagnosis of a fractured hip who is in Buck's traction is complaining of severe pain. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensure the weights of the Buck's traction are off the floor and hang freely. This intervention is essential to maintain proper traction and alignment of the fractured hip, which can help alleviate pain. When the weights are not hanging freely, the traction may not be effective, causing increased pain and potential complications. Explanation of why the other choices are incorrect: A: Adjusting the PCA machine for a lower dose may temporarily relieve pain, but it does not address the underlying issue of ineffective traction. C: Raising the head and foot of the bed may provide comfort but does not directly address the issue of inadequate traction. D: Turning the client on the affected leg can worsen the fracture and cause more pain, contrary to the goal of relieving pain in a client with a fractured hip in Buck's traction.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: A spiral fracture. Spiral fractures are often associated with twisting injuries, which are commonly seen in cases of child abuse. The spiral nature of the fracture indicates a rotational force applied to the bone, consistent with non-accidental trauma. A: A single transverse fracture is not specific to abuse and can occur from accidental falls. C: A greenstick fracture is an incomplete fracture commonly seen in children due to their bone structure, not necessarily indicative of abuse. D: A comminuted fracture, while severe, does not specifically point towards abuse as it can result from high-impact accidents. In summary, the presence of a spiral fracture in a young child raises suspicion of non-accidental trauma due to its characteristic mechanism of injury.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because contacting the healthcare provider when pain relief is not obtained demonstrates advocacy for the client's well-being. The nurse is advocating for the client's right to adequate pain management. Bringing pain medication when due (A) is part of standard nursing care, not necessarily advocacy. Collaborating with other disciplines (B) is important for holistic care but doesn't directly relate to advocating for the client. Teaching the client to ask for medication (D) is empowering but not necessarily advocating for the client in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because consistently turning up the volume on the television suggests the client is having difficulty hearing. This behavior indicates a potential hearing loss as the individual may not be able to hear the TV at normal volume levels. Cleaning ears daily (A) is a routine hygiene practice and does not necessarily indicate hearing loss. Ear pain when yawning (C) could be related to ear infections or eustachian tube dysfunction, not specifically hearing loss. Dizziness upon standing (D) is more indicative of orthostatic hypotension or inner ear issues, not necessarily hearing loss.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because recommending an over-the-counter scopolamine patch is an appropriate intervention for preventing motion sickness during a cruise. Scopolamine is a common medication used to alleviate symptoms of motion sickness by affecting the vestibular system. It is often recommended for individuals going on cruises or experiencing other forms of motion sickness. Choice A is incorrect because making an appointment with the healthcare provider may not be necessary for a common issue like motion sickness and could delay the client's access to immediate relief. Choice C is incorrect as discouraging the client from taking the trip does not address the client's concern about motion sickness and is not a practical solution. Choice D is incorrect as instructing the client to lie down does not address motion sickness and may not be effective in preventing or alleviating symptoms.