The cation that plays a major role in determining

ATI LPN

ATI LPN Test Bank

The cation that plays a major role in determining the osmotic pressure of the plasma is

A. sodium B. potassium C. chloride D. phosphate

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Sodium, the predominant extracellular cation, primarily determines plasma osmotic pressure.

Increased ADH secretion could be stimulated by which of the following situations?

A. increased renal blood flow B. increased blood osmolality C. increased atrial natriuretic hormone production D. increased blood pressure

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Increased blood osmolality triggers ADH release to retain water and restore balance.

Potassium levels in the body are regulated by

A. ADH B. PTH C. calcitonin D. aldosterone

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Aldosterone regulates potassium by promoting its secretion in the kidneys.

In hypocalcemia,

A. depolarization is prevented B. PTH production is reduced C. blood calcium levels are increased D. neuromuscular excitability increases

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Low calcium increases membrane permeability to sodium, heightening excitability.

The main regulator of serum phosphate levels is a transport process in the

A. liver B. kidneys C. pancreas D. small intestine

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The kidneys regulate phosphate excretion via PTH.

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