The amount of Oâ‚‚ in blood with a PaOâ‚‚ of 100 mmHg is:

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Question 1 of 5

The amount of Oâ‚‚ in blood with a PaOâ‚‚ of 100 mmHg is:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: dissolved O₂ at PaO₂ = 100 mmHg is ≈0.3 mL/100 mL (solubility = 0.003 mL/mmHg/100 mL · 100 = 0.3). Choice A (0.003) is a typo or misunit. Choice C (3 mL) includes Hb-bound O₂ (≈19 mL with Hb 15 g/dL, SaO₂ 97%), not just dissolved. Choice D (3 mL/mL) is absurdly high. Total O₂ content is ≈20 mL/100 mL, but dissolved fraction is minor; B specifies this accurately per Henry's law.

Question 2 of 5

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is true; irritant receptors adapt rapidly to stimuli (e.g., smoke), triggering cough. Choice A is false; stretch receptors are in smooth muscle. Choice B is wrong; J receptors cause rapid, shallow breathing (e.g., edema). ' irritant impulses are myelinated (vagus). Rapid adaptation distinguishes irritant receptors, making D the accurate statement.

Question 3 of 5

Regarding surfactant, which statement is INCORRECT?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: long-term 100% O₂ therapy damages Type II pneumocytes, reducing surfactant, not increasing it (O₂ toxicity). Choice A is true; surfactant is ≈90% phospholipids (e.g., DPPC). ' hydrophobic tails face the lumen, hydrophilic heads face the cell, reducing tension. Choice D is accurate; smoking impairs surfactant via oxidative stress. Choice E (edema from absence) is true. Surfactant lowers alveolar surface tension (P = 2T/R), stabilizing lungs, but hyperoxia disrupts production, contradicting B's claim of increase, making it the false statement.

Question 4 of 5

Regarding the lung volumes in a healthy 70 kg male, 183 cm tall, which is INCORRECT?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: inspiratory capacity (IC = TV + IRV) is ≈3300 mL (500 + 2800), but the question implies a mismatch standard male IC is ≈3600 mL (TV + IRV ≈ 3.1 L), suggesting 3300 is low. Choice A (500 mL) is true. Choice B (1200 mL) fits RV. Choice C (1000 mL) matches ERV. Choice E (VC = 4800 mL) is correct (ERV + TV + IRV). For a 70 kg male, IC aligns closer to 3.5-3.6 L, making D's 3300 mL the error.

Question 5 of 5

A family of five checks into an urgent care center with symptoms of the flu. Which members of the family are at increased risk of significant complications? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Influenza poses greater risks to individuals with compromised immune systems, chronic illnesses, or developmental vulnerabilities. The grandmother with COPD faces heightened risk due to her chronic respiratory condition, which impairs lung function and makes flu complications like pneumonia more likely. The father with HIV has a weakened immune system, increasing susceptibility to severe flu outcomes. The newborn baby girl, with an immature immune system, is also at high risk, as infants under six months cannot receive the flu vaccine and struggle to fight infections. The mother with anemia, while possibly fatigued, does not have a condition that inherently heightens flu complication risks to the same degree. The 8-year-old boy, assuming no chronic conditions, is less vulnerable. The nurse must identify those most likely to suffer severe outcomes here, the grandmother, father, and newborn based on their health status and age-related vulnerabilities, ensuring they receive prioritized care and monitoring.

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