Tests positive for the human immunodeficiency virus- client asks nurse if she should tell her partner- appropriate nursing responses?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates therapeutic communication by clarifying and restating the client's concern, showing empathy and understanding. This approach helps the client feel supported and encourages open communication with their partner. Choice A is incorrect because healthcare providers are not required by law to disclose a patient's HIV status without their consent, as it violates patient confidentiality under HIPAA. Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not address the importance of open communication and may lead to potential harm by withholding vital information. Overall, response B is the most appropriate as it promotes trust, honesty, and understanding in the client-nurse relationship.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Petechiae and purpura. Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by low platelet count, leading to impaired blood clotting. Petechiae are small red or purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding into the skin from broken capillaries. Purpura refers to larger purple patches caused by bleeding under the skin. In thrombocytopenia, the lack of platelets results in the inability to form clots, leading to bleeding in small vessels. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because infection, pruritus, and scarring are not typically associated with bleeding due to thrombocytopenia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Overactive. In systemic lupus erythematosus, the immune system is hyperactive, leading to the production of autoantibodies that attack healthy tissues. This results in inflammation and tissue damage throughout the body. The other choices are incorrect because A (Underactive) does not align with the autoimmune nature of lupus, C (Inactive) is not true as there is ongoing immune system activity in lupus, and D (None of the above) is not accurate as the immune system in lupus is indeed overactive.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Platelets are responsible for blood clotting, which stops bleeding by forming a clot over the bleeding area. This explanation is most suitable for an 8-year-old child with hemophilia as it directly addresses how platelets help in stopping bleeding, which is a common concern for individuals with hemophilia. Choice A is incorrect because platelets do not directly prevent infection. Choice B is incorrect as platelets are actually solid components of blood, not the liquid portion. Choice C is incorrect as it describes the function of red blood cells, not platelets. Therefore, choice D is the best description of platelets for the child to understand their role in stopping bleeding.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Deficient Fluid Volume. For a child undergoing chemotherapy with nausea and vomiting, dehydration from fluid loss is a critical concern. Maintaining fluid balance is essential for the child's health and well-being. Options B, C, and D are not as high-priority because addressing fluid volume deficiency takes precedence over addressing nutrition, comfort, or body image issues in this situation.