ATI LPN
Immune System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Tested positive for an allergy to dust about how to reduce her exposure to the allergen- determine her understanding of how to reduce her exposure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because installing an electrostatic filter in the furnace can effectively reduce dust particles circulating in the home environment. Electrostatic filters are designed to capture smaller particles like dust, pollen, and pet dander, thus reducing allergen exposure. Incorrect choices: A: Installing curtains does not address the root cause of dust allergens and may even accumulate more dust than other alternatives. C: Vacuuming once a month is not sufficient to control dust allergens, as regular and thorough cleaning is necessary. D: Using feather pillows may exacerbate dust allergies as they can trap dust mites.
Question 2 of 5
What is the primary characteristic of an autoimmune disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary characteristic of an autoimmune disease is that the immune system attacks the body's own healthy tissues. This is because in autoimmune diseases, the immune system mistakenly identifies normal cells and tissues as foreign invaders and mounts an immune response against them. This leads to inflammation, tissue damage, and various symptoms of the autoimmune disease. Incorrect choices: A: The immune system failing to recognize foreign pathogens is not the primary characteristic of an autoimmune disease. Autoimmune diseases involve the immune system mistakenly attacking the body's own tissues. C: While an overactive immune system producing excessive antibodies can be a feature of some autoimmune diseases, it is not the primary characteristic. The key feature is the immune system attacking healthy tissues. D: An immune system that is suppressed and cannot fight infections effectively is not characteristic of autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune diseases involve an immune system that is active but targeting the wrong cells.
Question 3 of 5
Another name for platelets is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Platelets are also known as thrombocytes. This is the correct answer because thrombocytes are responsible for blood clotting. Platelets play a crucial role in preventing excessive bleeding. Lymphocytes, erythrocytes, and leucocytes are different types of blood cells with distinct functions unrelated to blood clotting.
Question 4 of 5
Systemic lupus erythematosus is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: An autoimmune condition. Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues in the body. This condition is not infectious (choice A), not harmless (choice B), and not always associated with HIV (choice C). Lupus is characterized by inflammation and damage to various organs, joints, and skin. It is important to differentiate autoimmune diseases like lupus from infectious diseases and understand their underlying mechanisms for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Question 5 of 5
A school-age child with hemophilia falls on the playground and goes to the school nurse with superficial bleeding above the elbow. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Apply pressure for at least 15 minutes. This is the most appropriate action as it helps control bleeding by promoting clot formation. Applying pressure directly on the wound site can help stop the bleeding effectively. Warm, moist compresses (choice A) may not provide enough direct pressure to stop bleeding. Keeping the affected extremity in a dependent position (choice C) can increase bleeding due to gravity. Beginning passive range of motion (choice D) could exacerbate bleeding if a clot has not formed yet. Therefore, applying pressure for at least 15 minutes is the best initial action to control bleeding in this situation.