ATI LPN
Questions on Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Strict vegetarian with anemia. Cause?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vitamin B12 deficiency. Anemia in a strict vegetarian is likely due to inadequate intake of Vitamin B12 found in animal products essential for red blood cell production. Iron deficiency (A) is common in vegetarians but not the primary cause of anemia in this case. Erythropoietin defect (C) is rare and not specific to vegetarianism. Calcium deficiency (D) does not directly cause anemia.
Question 2 of 5
True for dengue fever?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vector infective for life. Dengue fever is caused by the dengue virus, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. Once a mosquito is infected with the virus, it remains infective for the rest of its life, making it a lifelong vector for dengue transmission. This is why controlling mosquito populations is crucial in preventing the spread of dengue fever. Choice A (DNA virus) is incorrect because dengue fever is caused by an RNA virus, not a DNA virus. Choice C (Prefers polluted water) is incorrect as Aedes mosquitoes, the vector for dengue, breed in clean, stagnant water. Choice D (Joint symptoms more than chikungunya) is incorrect as joint symptoms are actually more common and severe in chikungunya fever, not in dengue fever.
Question 3 of 5
Least present immunoglobulin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is IgE (Choice C) as it is the least present immunoglobulin in the body. IgE is primarily involved in allergic responses and defense against parasites. IgA (Choice A) is present in mucosal linings, IgD (Choice B) is involved in the activation of B cells, and IgM (Choice D) is the first antibody produced in response to an infection. Therefore, IgE is the least abundant immunoglobulin compared to the other choices.
Question 4 of 5
Client having bone marrow biopsy today. Priority action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because ensuring a valid consent is on the chart is the priority before any procedure, including a bone marrow biopsy. This step ensures that the client has been properly informed about the procedure, risks, benefits, and has given their consent. Administering pain medication (choice A) should be done after ensuring proper consent. Having the client shower in the morning (choice C) is not a priority before the procedure. Premedicating with sedatives (choice D) may not be necessary or appropriate for all clients and should be decided based on individual assessment.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency disease informs the nurse that the client has been experiencing a new onset of a dry cough and occasional shortness of breath. After determining that the client's vital signs are within reference ranges, what action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assess the client for signs and symptoms of infection. 1. Given the client's primary immunodeficiency disease, they are at increased risk for infections. 2. The new onset of a dry cough and shortness of breath could indicate a respiratory infection. 3. Vital signs being within reference ranges do not rule out an underlying infection. 4. Assessing for signs of infection allows for timely intervention and treatment. Summary: A: Administering a nebulized bronchodilator is not appropriate without assessing for infection first. B: Performing oral suctioning is not indicated based on the client's symptoms. D: Teaching deep breathing and coughing exercises may be helpful, but assessing for infection is the priority.