Strategies that improve or maintain health and independence refers to:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Health promotion boosts health e.g., exercise unlike prevention , home care , or Medicare . PSWs encourage this e.g., walks for well-being. Misnaming risks focus; this fits. This proactive role enhances client vitality, a PSW contribution.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: After prolonged bed rest, Mr. Searle's body may experience orthostatic hypotension a drop in blood pressure upon standing due to reduced circulation and fluid shifts. Dangling his feet allows gradual adjustment as blood flow redistributes, minimizing dizziness or fainting, a common risk noted in care protocols for immobile patients. Putting on robe and slippers is secondary and doesn't address physiological needs. Reducing fear may occur but isn't the primary intent, as safety trumps emotional comfort here. Preparing a chair and pillow is logistical, not the main clinical reason. Preventing dizziness or fainting aligns with safe mobility practices, ensuring Mr. Searle's stability, making it the correct and most critical reason.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The cell is the basic functional unit of the body , as it's the smallest structure capable of life processes like metabolism and reproduction. Tissues are groups of cells with a shared function, organs are made of tissues, and organ systems combine organs each level builds on cells. Anatomy and physiology texts, like those used in PSW training, establish cells as the foundation of all bodily functions, from muscle contraction to nerve signaling. This hierarchical understanding underscores why cells are fundamental, performing essential tasks independently or collectively, making 'Cell' the scientifically accurate and correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Flat bones , like the skull, ribs, and sternum, protect organs brain, heart, and lungs due to their broad, thin shape. Long bones , like the femur, support movement and weight. Short bones , like carpals, aid flexibility. Irregular bones , like vertebrae, have mixed roles but aren't primarily protective shields. Skeletal system basics, taught in PSW courses, highlight flat bones' protective design, critical for understanding injury risks, making 'Flat bone' the correct type for organ protection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: PSWs assist with hygiene but have scope limits. Cutting a diabetic's toenails is risky due to poor circulation and infection potential, reserved for podiatrists. Washing hair , back massages , and perineal care are routine PSW tasks, promoting cleanliness and comfort. Diabetic foot care requires specialized training beyond PSW authority, per healthcare regulations, making 'Cut a diabetic person's toenails' the correct exception to their duties.