Spherocytosis cause?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Defects in peripheral proteins. Spherocytosis is a condition characterized by red blood cells with a spherical shape due to defects in the peripheral proteins such as spectrin. This leads to decreased cell flexibility, making the cells more prone to premature destruction in the spleen. Choice A is incorrect because spherocytosis is not caused by abnormal integral proteins. Choice C is incorrect as increased roleaux refers to red blood cells sticking together, not the cause of spherocytosis. Choice D is incorrect as sickle-shaped cells are characteristic of sickle cell anemia, not spherocytosis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because basic immunoglobulin structure consists of 2 identical heavy chains and 2 identical light chains. Heavy chains are joined to each other and to light chains by disulfide bonds. This arrangement forms the characteristic Y-shape structure of an antibody. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they involve different combinations of heavy and light chains, which do not align with the typical composition of basic immunoglobulin.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: CD3. T-lymphocytes express CD3, a complex of proteins involved in T-cell receptor signaling. CD19 (B cell marker), CD16 (NK cell marker), and C29 are not typically expressed on T-lymphocytes. Therefore, the presence of CD3 is specific to T-cells, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Teach about procedure. This is important as it ensures the client understands what to expect during the radioisotopic imaging scan, reducing anxiety and enhancing cooperation. Assessing for shellfish allergies (A) is not relevant to this procedure. Placing on radiation precautions (B) is not necessary for a diagnostic imaging scan. Sedating before the scan (C) may not be appropriate unless medically indicated. Teaching about the procedure (D) is crucial for informed consent and optimal client preparation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage the client and family to be active partners in the management of immunodeficiency. This is the priority action because involving the client and family in the management of the condition promotes adherence to treatment, enhances understanding of the disease process, and encourages active participation in care decisions. This collaborative approach can lead to better outcomes and a more favorable prognosis. Choice B is incorrect because managing activity levels and activities of daily living, while important, may not directly address the immunodeficiency itself. Choice C is incorrect as monitoring fluid balance, although crucial for overall health, may not be the priority in managing immunodeficiency. Choice D is incorrect because adjusting medication dosages should be done under the guidance of healthcare professionals, and it is not the nurse's primary role to ensure this.