ATI LPN
Respiratory System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Smoking is associated with (old paper, but only one answer from it)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Smoking is associated with particle deposition in alveolar macrophages (D), e.g., 'smokers' macrophages'. Choice A is false; mesothelioma isn't smoking-related (asbestos-driven). Choice B is incorrect; smoking causes interstitial diseases (e.g., DIP) too. Choice C is wrong; liver disease isn't linked. Choice E (Loffler) is unrelated. Page 740 notes D's hallmark carbon-laden macrophages in smokers' lungs, distinguishing it over A's cancer link or B's exclusion.
Question 2 of 5
Squamous cell lung carcinoma (old paper)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Squamous cell lung carcinoma (SCC) is closely correlated with smoking (B), with 95% in smokers. Choice A is false; 5-year survival is 15%. Choice C is incorrect; it's hilar (1st/2nd order bronchi), not peripheral. Choice D is wrong; it's commoner in males. Choice E (late metastasis) is true. Page 759 details B's link smoking-induced metaplasia drives SCC, distinguishing it over A's survival or C's location error.
Question 3 of 5
What disease is caused by Coxiella burnetii?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coxiella burnetii causes Q fever, a zoonotic disease often contracted from livestock via inhalation of aerosols. It presents with fever, pneumonia, or hepatitis, differing from tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), a chronic lung infection with granulomas; diphtheria (Corynebacterium diphtheriae), marked by throat pseudomembranes; and walking pneumonia (typically Mycoplasma pneumoniae), a milder lung infection. C. burnetii's intracellular nature and resilience in the environment distinguish Q fever, which lacks the exotoxin-driven pathology of diphtheria or tuberculosis's slow progression. Accurate identification guides treatment antibiotics like doxycycline for Q fever versus antitoxins or long-term regimens for others emphasizing the need to recognize causative agents in respiratory illness management.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is caused by infections by bread molds?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mucormycosis, caused by Mucorales (e.g., Rhizopus), bread molds, is a rare, aggressive fungal infection, often in diabetics or immunocompromised, invading blood vessels and lungs from inhaled spores. Coccidioidomycosis (Coccidioides) is dimorphic, not mold-only, tied to soil. Cryptococcosis (Cryptococcus neoformans) involves yeast from bird droppings, not bread molds. Pneumocystis pneumonia (Pneumocystis jirovecii) is a distinct fungus, not mold-related, affecting AIDS patients. Mucormycosis's rapid tissue destruction contrasts with others' slower progression, requiring urgent antifungals and surgery, distinguishing its mold etiology in respiratory and systemic fungal threats.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a pregnant woman new to the clinic. Which question will uncover whether the client has the highest risk for developing pneumonia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Does anyone smoke in the house?' (C) identifies the highest pneumonia risk in pregnancy secondhand smoke impairs ciliary clearance, increasing infection odds (RR ≈1.5). Immunizations (A) matter, but smoking's direct effect trumps. Asthma (B) raises risk, but smoking's environmental impact is broader. Medical conditions (D) are vague versus C's specificity. The document's answer (C) aligns smoke exposure during pregnancy heightens S. pneumoniae risk, distinguishing it from A's prevention or D's generality.