She introduces the NATURE OF NURSING MODEL.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Virginia Henderson's Nature of Nursing Model, from the 1950s, defines nursing as assisting with 14 basic needs (e.g., breathing, eating) to restore independence e.g., helping a post-op patient ambulate. Nightingale focused on environment, Parse on human becoming, and Orlando on patient needs in interactions. Henderson's practical, need-based framework shaped nursing education and practice, emphasizing patient autonomy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Subjective data, per nursing assessment, is patient-reported e.g., anxiety as a felt emotion. Dizziness and chest pain can be observed or measured (vitals), while blue nails are visible (objective). Anxiety's internal nature makes it subjective, guiding nurses to probe feelings for comprehensive care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Axillary temp requires 7 minutes e.g., skin contact time for accuracy, longer than oral (3 min) or rectal (1-2 min) due to lower heat transfer. Shorter times under-read; 10 is excessive. Nurses time this e.g., with a watch per protocol, ensuring reliable readings.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Abdominal assessment follows inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation e.g., look, listen (bowel sounds), tap, feel to avoid altering sounds via palpation first. Other sequences disrupt this. Nurses adhere e.g., pre-surgery checks for accurate findings, per physical exam standards.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Betty Neuman's Health Care System Model (1970s) focuses on managing stressors intrapersonal (emotions), interpersonal (relationships), extrapersonal (finances) via prevention levels. For instance, primary prevention educates a hypertensive patient. Henderson aids needs, Orem self-care, and Parse becoming, but Neuman's stressor-centric system promotes stability, widely used in stress-related care like mental health or chronic illness management.