Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery, a young child has a temperature of 38.4°C (101.1°F). The nurse should do which of the following?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Report findings to practitioner. A temperature of 38.4°C post-cardiac surgery may indicate infection, which requires prompt attention. Reporting to the practitioner allows for timely assessment and intervention. Choice B is incorrect as hypothermia blankets are used for low temperatures. Choice C is incorrect as it may exacerbate the fever. Choice D is incorrect as action is needed beyond just recording the temperature.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because macrophages do indeed derive from monocytes. Monocytes are circulating white blood cells that migrate into tissues and differentiate into macrophages. This process is well-documented in immunology. A: Macrophages are not granulocytes. Granulocytes are a different type of white blood cell characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm. C: Macrophages are highly phagocytic cells, meaning they can engulf and digest foreign particles. Therefore, this statement is incorrect. D: Macrophages primarily reside in the tissues as part of the immune defense system, making this statement incorrect.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, "Antihypertensive." Salicylates are not typically used for lowering blood pressure. Salicylates like aspirin are known for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic actions. Salicylates inhibit prostaglandin synthesis which helps reduce inflammation, pain, and fever. Other choices are incorrect as salicylates are commonly used for these purposes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sensitivity to cold. Severe anemia can lead to decreased red blood cells, causing poor circulation and reduced oxygen delivery to tissues. This leads to feeling cold due to decreased metabolic activity. Heart palpitations (A) are common but not specific to severe anemia. Fatigue (B) is a common symptom in anemia but not exclusive to severe cases. Exertional dyspnea (D) is due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity but is not specific to severe anemia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Platelet count is the correct answer. Platelets are responsible for blood clotting, and a count below 10 x 10^9 /L can lead to spontaneous hemorrhage due to impaired clot formation. Hemoglobin, WBC, and RBC indices are not directly related to clotting function and do not pose the same risk of spontaneous hemorrhage.