ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Med Surg Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Second-degree heart block type I (Wenckebach) is characterized by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Type I second-degree block is associated with progressively lengthening PR intervals until one P wave is not conducted and becomes a dropped beat. Second-degree block is not characterized by an absence of P waves. Type II second-degree block is associated with a consistent PR interval and dropped beats. The ECG of third-degree block shows regularly occurring P waves that are independent of the ventricular rhythm.
Question 2 of 5
Which action should the nurse in the hypertension clinic take to obtain an accurate baseline blood pressure(BP) for a new patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient should be seated with the feet flat on the floor. The BP is obtained in both arms, and the results of the two arms are not averaged. The patient does not need to be in the supine position. The cuff should be deflated at 2 to 3 mm Hg per second.
Question 3 of 5
During exercise, increased muscle contraction helps return more blood to the heart. This would lead to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased venous return from muscle contraction boosts the volume of blood pumped per beat (stroke volume) via the Frank-Starling mechanism.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse on the intermediate care unit received change-of-shift report on four patients with hypertension. Which patient should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient with chest pain may be experiencing acute myocardial infarction, and rapid assessment and intervention are needed. The symptoms of the other patients also show target organ damage but are not indicative of acute processes.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for an older adult with a diagnosis of hypertension who is being treated with a diuretic and beta-blocker. Which of the following should the nurse integrate into the management of this client's hypertension?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elderly people have impaired cardiovascular reflexes and thus are more sensitive to extracellular volume depletion caused by diuretics. The nurse needs to assess hydration status, low BP, and postural hypotension carefully. Older adults may have impaired absorption, but they do not need a higher initial dose of an antihypertensive than a younger person. Adherence to treatment is not necessarily linked to age. Kidney function and absorption decline with age; less, rather than more antihypertensive medication is prescribed. Weight gain is not necessarily indicative of kidney function decline.