Scientific studies have indicated that there is a higher percentage of allergies in babies fed formula containing cow's milk than in breast-fed babies. Which statement represents a valid inference made from these studies?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale for Answer D: 1. Scientific studies show higher allergies in cow's milk-fed babies. 2. Breast milk is the alternative in this scenario. 3. Breast milk is generally considered hypoallergenic. 4. Breast milk contains fewer potential allergens. 5. Thus, breast milk most likely contains fewer allergy triggers. Summary: A: Overgeneralization, not all infants react to cow's milk. B: Absolute statement, breast milk is not 100% effective against all allergies. C: Contradicts scientific findings, relationship exists between cow's milk and allergies.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reddish-purple skin lesions. Kaposi's sarcoma is a type of cancer that is commonly seen in individuals with HIV/AIDS. The skin lesions associated with Kaposi's sarcoma are typically reddish-purple in color and can present as flat, raised, or nodular lesions. These lesions are caused by abnormal growth of blood vessels and can be found on the skin, mouth, or internal organs. Treatment options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or antiretroviral therapy. Choice A is incorrect because the onset of progressive dementia is more characteristic of the AIDS-dementia complex, which can occur as HIV affects the nervous system. Choice C, yellowing of the skin, is not a typical finding of Kaposi's sarcoma. Choice D, persistent cough, is not a direct symptom of Kaposi's sarcoma and is more commonly associated with respiratory conditions or infections.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because asking about the patient's immunization history helps assess their immunity against diseases and determine the need for further immunizations, ensuring they are protected from preventable illnesses. This is crucial for providing appropriate care and preventive measures. Choice B is incorrect as assessing dietary habits and nutrient deficiencies is not directly related to immunization history. Choice C is incorrect as genetic predispositions to autoimmune diseases are not typically identified through immunization history. Choice D is incorrect as compliance for preventive care can be determined through other means and is not the primary purpose of asking about immunization history.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most important test for iron stores is serum ferritin. Ferritin is a protein that stores iron in the body, and its levels directly reflect the amount of iron stored. Therefore, measuring serum ferritin provides the most accurate assessment of iron stores. Serum calcium (choice A) is not a reliable indicator of iron stores. Serum iron (choice C) can fluctuate based on various factors and does not provide a comprehensive picture of iron stores. Choosing "None of the above" (choice D) would be incorrect as serum ferritin is indeed the most important test for iron stores.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Kaposi's sarcoma. This rare cancer is associated with HIV due to its link with weakened immune systems. HIV compromises the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to developing Kaposi's sarcoma. Astrocytoma, mesothelioma, and penile cancer are not commonly associated with HIV. Kaposi's sarcoma is characterized by skin lesions and can also affect internal organs, making it a distinctive cancer seen in HIV-positive individuals.