ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Disease Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Right-sided heart failure is usually a consequence of
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because the right and left ventricles function in tandem, left-ventricular failure eventually increases the workload on the right ventricle. Consequently, the right ventricle may fail causing infarction. Pulmonary disorders create a high afterload on the right ventricle and may cause a progression to right ventricular failure. Tricuspid valve defects are not the cause of right-sided heart failure. Congenital anomalies are not generally associated with right-sided failure.
Question 2 of 5
Which action should the nurse take first to assist a patient with newly diagnosed stage 1 hypertension in making needed dietary changes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The initial nursing action should be assessment of the patient's baseline dietary intake through a thorough diet history. The other actions may be appropriate, but assessment of the patient's baseline should occur first.
Question 3 of 5
Which action will be included in the plan of care when the nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving nicardipine(Cardene) to treat a hypertensive emergency?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Frequent monitoring of BP is needed when the patient is receiving rapid-acting IV antihypertensive medications. This can be most easily accomplished with an automated BP machine or arterial line. The patient will require frequent assessments, so allowing 6 to 8 hours of undisturbed sleep is not appropriate. When patients are receiving IV vasodilators, bed rest is maintained to prevent decreased cerebral perfusion and fainting. There is no indication that this patient is nauseated or at risk for aspiration, so an NPO status is unnecessary.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is providing care for a patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension. How can the nurse best promote the patient's adherence to the prescribed therapeutic regimen?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adherence to the therapeutic regimen increases when patients actively participate in self-care, including self-monitoring of BP and diet. Dire warnings may motivate some patients, but for many patients this is not an appropriate or effective strategy. Screening for vision changes and promoting healthy lifestyle are appropriate nursing actions, but do not necessarily promote adherence to a therapeutic regimen.
Question 5 of 5
A community health nurse is planning an educational campaign addressing hypertension. The nurse should anticipate that the incidence and prevalence of hypertension are likely to be highest among members of what ethnic group?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension varies by ethnicity, with Hispanics and African Americans having the highest prevalence at approximately $63 \%$ and $57 \%$, respectively.