ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Med Surg Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Renin is secreted by:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Juxtaglomerular cells in the kidney secrete renin in response to low blood pressure or sodium levels.
Question 2 of 5
Atherosclerosis is a pathological condition that can lead to thrombus formation. Which one of these is essential in the process?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: LDL accumulation in arterial walls initiates atherosclerosis, leading to thrombus formation.
Question 3 of 5
A 68-year-old obese woman (BMI=32 kg/m2) presents with substernal chest pain. Results of laboratory studies include an elevated WBC count (13,000/µL), CK-MB of 6.6 ng/mL, and troponin-I of 2.5 ng/mL. ECG confirms a myocardial infarction of the left ventricular wall. Which of the following mechanisms is most likely responsible for the myocardial infarction in this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coronary artery thrombosis is the most common cause of myocardial infarction, obstructing blood flow.
Question 4 of 5
A 72-year-old African American male undergoes hip surgery. On his third hospital day, he develops chest pain, tachycardia, dyspnea, and low-grade fever. The man goes into cardiac arrest and efforts to resuscitate him are unsuccessful. On autopsy a massive pulmonary embolism is discovered. Which of the following would most likely predispose the patient to this event?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Factor V Leiden mutation increases clotting risk, predisposing to pulmonary embolism.
Question 5 of 5
A 62-year-old female with a history of hyperlipidemia and hypothyroidism. Her current medication includes cholestyramine and levothyroxine. What advice would you tell her to do to prevent drug-drug interactions between them?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken 1-2 hours before cholestyramine to avoid binding interference.