ATI LPN
Urinary and Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Renal Clearance can give an indication of the functioning of the kidneys.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Renal clearance measures the volume of plasma cleared of a substance per unit time, reflecting kidney function. For substances like creatinine, clearance approximates GFR, indicating filtration efficiency. Abnormal clearance suggests impaired glomerular or tubular function, making it a valuable diagnostic tool, thus A (True) is correct.
Question 2 of 5
Which out of the following conditions will not cause respiratory alkalosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory alkalosis (high pH, low PCOâ‚‚) results from hyperventilation, seen in fever (A), anxiety (B), and salicylate toxicity (D) due to stimulated breathing. Laryngeal obstruction (C) restricts airflow, causing COâ‚‚ retention (respiratory acidosis, low pH, high PCOâ‚‚), not alkalosis, making C the exception.
Question 3 of 5
The nursing diagnosis for a patient with a myocardial infarction is activity intolerance. The plan of care includes the patient outcome criterion of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Activity intolerance post-myocardial infarction reflects reduced cardiac capacity. An outcome like ambulating 50 feet without dyspnea (B) is specific, measurable, and aligns with improving tolerance. Smoking cessation (A) is unrelated, no dyspnea on exertion (C) is vague, and tolerating activity (D) lacks specificity, making B correct.
Question 4 of 5
What role does the parasympathetic nervous system play in urinary elimination?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The parasympathetic nervous system, via pelvic nerves (S2-S4), promotes bladder emptying (D) by contracting the detrusor muscle and relaxing the internal sphincter during micturition. Blood pressure (A) is autonomic, fight-or-flight (B) is sympathetic, and voluntary control (C) is somatic, making D the correct role.
Question 5 of 5
Within an hour following intravenous angiotensin II infusion, the following is(are) clinically evident:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Angiotensin II rapidly increases proximal sodium uptake (A), causes vasoconstriction (B), and stimulates aldosterone release (C), all within an hour. All are true—sodium reabsorption rises, vessels constrict, aldosterone increases—making E (all are correct), reassigned as D, correct.