ATI LPN
Questions of Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Regarding the morphology of bronchiectasis, which of the following is not true?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
Following a stab wound in the chest wall, the lung will and the chest wall will?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A stab wound causing pneumothorax collapses the lung and expands the chest wall. Normally, negative intrapleural pressure (-5 cm H2O at FRC) holds lungs open against inward recoil. Air entry equalizes pressure to atmospheric (0 mmHg), collapsing the lung (300 mL residual volume remains). The chest wall, with outward elastic recoil, springs out, increasing thoracic diameter (Q41). A's dual expansion defies physics lungs can't inflate without negative pressure. B's FRC fixation ignores air's disruption (FRC ~2.5 L). C's dual collapse misreads chest mechanics. D's outcome lung deflation, chest expansion matches pneumothorax's loss of pleural seal, per physiology (Q58).
Question 3 of 5
The primary force responsible for the movement of air into the lungs during inspiration?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pressure difference (D) drives inspiration . Diaphragm contraction drops intrapulmonary pressure (-1 to -3 mmHg below 760 mmHg), creating a gradient (Q19). Atmospheric pressure (A) is static (760 mmHg); the difference moves ~500 mL (Vt). Spasms (B) aren't normal mechanics. Surfactant (C) aids stability, not airflow. D's gradient (2-3 mmHg) unlike A's baseline powers ventilation (Boyle's law), per physiology (Q52).
Question 4 of 5
The greatest increase in the physiological dead space would be expected with?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pulmonary embolism (A) boosts physiological dead space most . It blocks perfusion, raising V/Q (ventilated, unperfused alveoli), adding to anatomic dead space (~150 mL). Atelectasis (B) collapses alveoli, cutting Va, not Vd. Pneumothorax (C) collapses lungs, not increasing Vd directly. Bronchoconstriction (D) traps air, not dead space. A's perfusion loss unlike B's ventilation drop spikes Vd (e.g., 300 mL), per V/Q mismatch physiology (Q66).
Question 5 of 5
One of the followings is expected in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lowers FRC. FRC (~2 L vs. 2.5 L) shrinks with stiff lungs (compliance < 0.1 L/cm H2O, Q1). Tidal volume (B) drops (< 500 mL) due to restriction. Vascular resistance rises (C, false, Q10). TLC falls (D, false, < 6 L). A's reduction unlike B's increase reflects fibrosis' limit on resting volume (ERV + RV decrease), per restrictive physiology (Q45).