ATI LPN
Questions of Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Regarding exercise, which statement is INCORRECT?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: breathing's energy cost rises to ≈2-5% in exercise (not 10%), though it can reach 10-15% in respiratory disease. Choice B is true; ventilation increases 20x (6 to 120 L/min). ' VO₂ rises ≈15-20x (0.25 to 4-5 L/min in fit adults). Choice D is plausible; VCO₂ can increase disproportionately (e.g., 20-40x) with anaerobic metabolism (RQ > 1). Choice E (P₅₀ up) is true. Normal exercise elevates respiratory work modestly (≈0.5 to 5 kcal/min), not 10% of total (≈50-100 kcal/min), making A overstated and false.
Question 2 of 5
The clinic nurse is preparing to give an antiviral drug to an older client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and sickle cell disease. Which ordered medication would cause the nurse to notify the prescriber?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Zanamivir is an inhaled antiviral used for influenza but is contraindicated in clients with COPD because it can cause bronchospasm, worsening airway obstruction and potentially leading to respiratory distress. For an older client with COPD and sickle cell disease, this risk is amplified, as both conditions compromise oxygen delivery COPD via lung function and sickle cell via reduced blood oxygenation. Oseltamivir (also known as Tamiflu) is an oral antiviral safe for such clients, making it a better choice. Xanax, an anti-anxiety drug, isn't an antiviral and is irrelevant here. The nurse must notify the prescriber about Zanamivir due to its potential to exacerbate the client's respiratory condition, requiring an alternative like Oseltamivir. This decision reflects the nurse's duty to assess medication appropriateness based on the client's comorbidities, preventing harm and ensuring treatment aligns with the client's fragile health status.
Question 3 of 5
The school nurse is talking to fifth graders about the use of tissues when blowing one's nose. Which cause of a runny nose should the nurse include in the teaching session?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A runny nose during influenza occurs because cells lining the respiratory passages die due to viral infection, releasing fluid and triggering inflammation, which increases mucus production. This is a key immune response to trap and expel the virus, appropriate for fifth graders to understand as a body defense. Drinking water doesn't cause runny noses it hydrates, not floods, the nose. Insufficient coughing or sneezing might worsen congestion but isn't the root cause mucus forms regardless. Viruses don't ‘melt' into fluid; they're already microscopic and trigger fluid release via cell damage, not fever directly. The nurse teaches this cellular explanation to connect symptoms to infection, making it relatable and scientifically sound, encouraging tissue use to manage mucus and reduce germ spread among kids.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of clients about influenza. Which of the following client statements indicates an additional need for teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The statement about avoiding fluids signals a need for more teaching fluids are essential during flu to prevent dehydration from fever and thin mucus for easier clearance, aiding recovery. Hand washing after nose-blowing prevents spread, showing good understanding. Needing a flu shot every 2 years is incorrect but less urgent annual shots are ideal due to strain shifts, though the client grasps variability. Covering the mouth with a hand when sneezing spreads germs unless washed immediately; an elbow is better, but fluid avoidance is the most harmful misconception. The nurse corrects this to emphasize hydration's role in supporting immunity and comfort, countering a dangerous myth that could worsen outcomes, ensuring clients manage flu effectively.
Question 5 of 5
A worried parent of a 6-month-old infant wants to know if the child needs to be seen by a healthcare provider for flu-like symptoms. Which question should the nurse ask to best determine the acuity of the child's illness?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse asks if the 6-month-old has trouble breathing to gauge acuity, as respiratory distress (e.g., rapid breathing, grunting) in infants signals severe flu complications like bronchiolitis, needing urgent care. Small airways and immature immunity make this critical too young for flu shots, they're at high risk. Fever matters, but alone doesn't define urgency. Nasal drainage is typical, not acute. Symptom onset aids context, not immediate severity. Prioritizing breathing aligns with pediatric triage, ensuring the parent seeks help if this red flag appears, protecting the infant from rapid deterioration common in flu-related respiratory crises.