ATI LPN
NCLEX PN Questions Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Regarding community acquired infective pneumonitis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Community-acquired pneumonitis can mimic ARDS's alveolar damage pattern (A), e.g., diffuse injury. Choice B is false; involvement varies (patchy or lobar). Choice C is incorrect; pleural effusions are uncommon. Choice D is wrong; white cell count is mildly elevated. Choice E (no fibrosis) is true. Page 751 notes A's similarity organisms like Mycoplasma cause ARDS-like exudates in epidemics (schools/prisons), unlike B's uniformity or C's effusion claim.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following viruses is not commonly associated with the common cold?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The common cold is typically caused by rhinoviruses (most frequent), coronaviruses (e.g., pre-COVID strains), and adenoviruses, all targeting upper respiratory epithelium, leading to sniffles and cough. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and shingles, not colds it's a herpesvirus affecting skin and nerves, not primarily respiratory mucosa. While cold viruses spread via droplets and self-resolve, VZV involves systemic rash and latency, requiring antivirals like acyclovir in severe cases. This distinction matters: cold management is supportive, but VZV has vaccination (e.g., Zostavax) and different transmission dynamics, emphasizing accurate viral identification in respiratory versus systemic infections.
Question 3 of 5
Which system effect of pneumonia should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cyanosis (A) is a critical system effect of pneumonia the nurse must monitor, indicating hypoxemia from impaired gas exchange (SpOâ‚‚ <90%). Excess mucus production (B) is a local airway response, not a systemic effect. Shortness of breath (C) is a symptom, not a direct systemic sign, though related to hypoxia. Hemoptysis (D) is less common unless necrotizing (e.g., Klebsiella). Pneumonia's alveolar inflammation and exudate reduce oxygenation, risking cyanosis blue lips/nails signal urgent intervention (e.g., Oâ‚‚ therapy). The document's answer (A) reflects this priority systemic hypoxia trumps B's local effect or D's rarity in standard cases.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse informs a client with pneumonia that a respiratory therapist is scheduled to perform chest physiotherapy. The client asks, 'What does that mean?' Which response by the nurse is best?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chest physiotherapy will help move the liquid out of your lungs' (A) best explains its role percussion/vibration loosen mucus in pneumonia, aiding clearance per ATS guidelines. Breathing improvement (B) is secondary, not precise. Preventing cough (C) is false it promotes productive coughing. Removing organisms (D) is antibiotic-driven. The document's answer (A) reflects pathophysiology consolidated exudate (e.g., 100-200 mL) shifts with CPT, distinguishing it from B's vagueness or D's inaccuracy.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following are parts of the human respiratory system?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The human respiratory system includes the trachea, diaphragm, and lungs, all integral to breathing. The trachea, or windpipe, channels air to the lungs, lined with cilia to filter debris. The diaphragm, a dome-shaped muscle, contracts to expand the chest, driving inhalation its relaxation aids exhalation. The lungs house alveoli for gas exchange, the system's endpoint. Each part contributes: trachea as conduit, diaphragm as pump, lungs as exchange site. Excluding any would overlook their coordinated role in oxygenating blood and expelling CO2, a holistic view essential for understanding respiration's mechanics and clinical interventions like ventilatory support.