ATI LPN
Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Regarding bronchial asthma, all the following statements are true EXCEPT?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cough suppressants aren't indicated in asthma. Resistance rises (B) via bronchoconstriction (Q8). FEV1/FVC falls (< 80%, C, true) in attacks (Q15). Bronchodilators (D) relieve spasms. Allergies trigger it. A's suppression cough clears mucus worsens obstruction, unlike B's mechanics or D's therapy, per asthma management (opposite Q13's bronchitis).
Question 2 of 5
Match the following: 624. Ventilation - perfusion ratio inequality
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) inequality mismatched air and blood flow can cause both hypercapnia and hypocapnia (C). Low V/Q (e.g., pneumonia) traps COâ‚‚, raising PaCOâ‚‚ (hypercapnia). High V/Q (e.g., pulmonary embolism) over-ventilates, dropping COâ‚‚ (hypocapnia). Hypercapnia' (A) or hypocapnia' (B) alone ignores dual potential. Neither' (D) denies impact. V/Q mismatch, assessed via A-a gradient or scans, disrupts gas exchange, critical in diagnosing shunt or dead space, guiding oxygen or thrombolytic therapy in chest emergencies.
Question 3 of 5
Match the following: 656. chylothorax
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chylothorax milky pleural fluid results from thoracic duct rupture (C), often traumatic or malignant, leaking lymph (high triglycerides, >110 mg/dL). Friction rub (A) is pleuritis. CHF (B) gives transudate. Pseudomonas (D) ties to empyema. Bleb causes pneumothorax. Duct injury's lymphatic spill is distinct, key in nursing for drainage or surgical consult.
Question 4 of 5
A well developed male had on routine examination an RBCs of 8 million, hemoglobin of 18 grams, hematocrit of 61, with normal leucocytes, thrombocytes & O2 saturation. There was no splenic enlargement. What test might give a clue to the probable diagnosis:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For polycythemia (RBC 8M, Hb 18 g/dL, Hct 61%), intravenous pyelogram (C) clues diagnosis renal tumors (e.g., hypernephroma) cause secondary polycythemia via erythropoietin, no splenomegaly fits. Splenic aspirate (A) targets primary PV. Scalene biopsy (B) checks lymphoma. LE test (D) is lupus, unrelated. Bronchoscopy assesses lung. IVP screens renal etiology, key in nursing for imaging prep and erythropoietin assay.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is not correct concerning aplastic anemia:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aplastic anemia marrow failure lacks usually associated with splenomegaly' (C); spleen enlarges in hemolysis, not aplasia pancytopenia (low platelets, B) reflects marrow hypoplasia (D), often drug-induced (A, e.g., chloramphenicol) or idiopathic (E, 50%). C's falsehood contrasts aplasia's etiology, key in nursing for avoiding splenomegaly confusion and focusing on transfusion or transplant.