Receptors sensitive to changes in the osmolality of extracellular fluid are the

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect changes in extracellular fluid osmolality.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Chloride, an anion, is lost in vomiting due to gastric HCl secretion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hyperkalemia is an elevated plasma potassium level.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Vitamin D enhances intestinal calcium absorption.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Osmoreceptors detect high osmolality, triggering thirst.