ATI LPN
Questions on the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Radioallergosorbent (RAST) testing completed due to seasonal allergies- elevation in which lab result?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: RAST testing is used to detect allergen-specific IgE antibodies in the blood. Step 2: Seasonal allergies are typically caused by exposure to specific allergens. Step 3: IgE is elevated in response to exposure to specific antigens, which matches the purpose of RAST testing. Step 4: IgG is not specific to allergies but is more related to various infections. IgM is for acute infections. IgA is for mucosal protection. Step 5: Therefore, the correct answer is D (IgE) as it aligns with the purpose of RAST testing and the client's symptom history.
Question 2 of 5
Discharge teaching with the partner of a client who has acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)- statements indicates the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Cleaning up blood spills with hot water is incorrect as it does not effectively kill HIV. Bleach solution is recommended. 2. Using gloves is essential for preventing exposure to blood and body fluids. 3. Immediate cleaning of spills is crucial to reduce the risk of transmission. 4. Hot water alone is not sufficient for disinfection. Summary: A: Hand washing is important, but using gloves for cleaning blood spills is more critical. C: Sharing utensils is not safe due to the risk of blood exposure. D: Gloves are necessary for routine care to prevent contact with bodily fluids.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has recently been diagnosed with psoriasis, and a nurse is educating them about the disorder. What is an example of a statement by the mother that shows the nurse that she understood the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because psoriasis is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of keratinocytes, leading to the formation of plaques on the skin. This statement shows an understanding of the primary pathophysiology of psoriasis. Choice A is incorrect as psoriasis involves abnormal keratinocyte growth, not collagen. Choice C is incorrect because psoriasis is not directly related to joint inflammation. Choice D is also incorrect as psoriasis is not primarily caused by contact with allergens.
Question 4 of 5
Dilutional thrombocytopenia may be caused by:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Transfusion of large volumes of blood. Dilutional thrombocytopenia occurs when the concentration of platelets decreases due to the infusion of large volumes of fluid, such as during a blood transfusion. This dilution effect leads to a decrease in platelet count without a true decrease in the total number of platelets in the body. Overhydration (choice A) and excessive drinking (choice B) may lead to fluid overload but do not directly cause dilutional thrombocytopenia. Excessive use of diuretics (choice D) can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances but is not a common cause of dilutional thrombocytopenia.
Question 5 of 5
The 'butterfly' rash often seen in some people with systemic lupus erythematosus is found on:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The face. The butterfly rash in systemic lupus erythematosus is a distinctive reddish rash that spreads across the cheeks and bridge of the nose, resembling the shape of a butterfly. This rash is a hallmark symptom of lupus and typically appears during periods of disease activity. The rash is not typically found on the back, legs, or neck. Therefore, the correct location for the butterfly rash in systemic lupus erythematosus is on the face.