ATI LPN
14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
prolonged diarrhea resulting in excessive loss of bicarbonate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bicarbonate loss in diarrhea leads to metabolic acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
A loss of which type of body secretion is most likely to result in metabolic alkalosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gastric loss (e.g., vomiting) removes H⁺, causing metabolic alkalosis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory values. Which of the following information is correct regarding albumin levels and nutritional status?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Albumin is not sensitive to acute changes in nutritional status due to its 21-day half-life, making it a better indicator of chronic illness than current protein status. Hydration status does affect albumin levels, and 3.2 g/dL is below the normal range of 3.5 to 5.4 g/dL, indicating mild malnutrition. Albumin is measured via blood test, not a protein intake record.
Question 4 of 5
A client has finished a 16-oz container of orange juice. The intake and output sheet documents fluid in milliliters. What amount should the nurse document as the client's intake?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 1 fluid oz = 30 mL; 30 mL× 16 oz = 480 mL, the correct amount to document.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is an example of a plant-based protein?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tofu is a plant-based protein derived from soybeans.