ATI LPN
Immune System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Primary immunodeficiencies are passed through what mechanism?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Genetic. Primary immunodeficiencies are inherited disorders caused by genetic mutations affecting the immune system. These mutations can lead to deficiencies in various components of the immune system, such as T cells, B cells, phagocytes, and complement proteins. IgM (A) and antibodies (C) are components of the immune system but do not represent the mechanism through which primary immunodeficiencies are passed. B cells (B) are involved in the immune response but are not the mechanism of inheritance for primary immunodeficiencies. Therefore, the most accurate and comprehensive explanation is that primary immunodeficiencies are passed through genetic mechanisms due to inherited genetic mutations affecting the immune system.
Question 2 of 5
Systemic lupusviu erythematosus is seen more in:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is more commonly seen in women, with a female to male ratio of 9:1. This is due to hormonal and genetic factors that predispose women to autoimmune diseases like SLE. Women of childbearing age are at the highest risk. Men and children are less commonly affected by SLE compared to women. Therefore, the correct answer is D: Women.
Question 3 of 5
In which area of parenting do the parents of a child with a hematologic alteration need major assistance?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Education. Parents of a child with a hematologic alteration need major assistance in education because they require guidance on understanding the condition, treatment options, potential complications, and how to manage the child's health effectively. This knowledge is crucial for ensuring the child receives appropriate medical care and support. Choice A (Nutrition) may be important but not necessarily the primary concern in this case. Choice B (Discipline) is important for parenting in general but not specifically related to managing a hematologic alteration. Choice D (Sleep) is also important but not as critical as education in this context.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a child being admitted to the hospital who is immunosuppressed and who will be placed on neutropenic precautions. With regard to neutropenic precautions, which intervention is incorrect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A: Admitting the client to a semiprivate room. Rationale: 1. Neutropenic precautions are necessary to protect the immunosuppressed child from infections. 2. Placing the child in a semiprivate room increases the risk of exposure to pathogens from another patient. 3. Neutropenic patients should ideally be placed in a private room to minimize the risk of infections. 4. Sharing a room increases the chances of exposure to potential pathogens, which can be detrimental to the child's health. Summary: B: Placing a precaution sign on the door to the room - Correct, as it alerts staff and visitors to the need for precautions. C: Placing a mask on the client if the client leaves the room - Correct, as it helps reduce the risk of inhaling pathogens. D: Removing a vase with fresh flowers left by a previous client - Correct, as flowers can harbor bacteria and fungi that pose a risk to the
Question 5 of 5
A school-age child with hemophilia falls on the playground and goes to the nurse’s office with superficial bleeding above the knee. Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Apply pressure to the area for at least 15 minutes. In hemophilia, the blood clotting process is impaired, so applying pressure helps control bleeding by promoting clot formation. This prevents excessive blood loss and reduces the risk of complications. Applying a warm, moist pack (A) can worsen bleeding by dilating blood vessels. Performing passive range of motion (B) can exacerbate bleeding by increasing blood flow. Keeping the affected extremity dependent (D) can cause pooling of blood and prolong bleeding. Therefore, applying pressure is the most appropriate action.