ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Disease NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Precapillary sphincters increase the flow of blood through a tissue when they relax.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Relaxation of precapillary sphincters allows more blood into capillaries, increasing tissue perfusion.
Question 2 of 5
The first structure that blood leaving the left ventricle passes through is the:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blood leaving the left ventricle passes through the aortic semilunar valve into the aorta.
Question 3 of 5
The semilunar valves open during this part of the cardiac cycle.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Semilunar valves open during ventricular contraction, allowing blood to be ejected into the arteries.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is true of the conduction system of the heart?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The heart's conduction system (e.g., SA node, AV node) is composed of specialized cardiac muscle cells, not nervous tissue, and it generates beats autonomously without requiring external nervous stimuli.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with chronic heart failure who is taking a diuretic and an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and who is on a low-sodium diet tells the home health nurse about a 5-lb weight gain in the past 3 days. The nurse's priority action will be to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The 5-lb weight gain over 3 days indicates that the patient's chronic heart failure may be worsening. It is important that the patient be assessed immediately for other clinical manifestations of decompensation, such as lung crackles. A dietary recall to detect hidden sodium in the diet, reinforcement of sodium restrictions, and assessment of medication compliance may be appropriate interventions but are not the first nursing actions indicated.