ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions on Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
People with irritable bowel syndrome for longer than 10 years:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: None of the above. People with irritable bowel syndrome do not necessarily need a hemicolectomy, as it is usually not a treatment option for IBS. There is no direct link between IBS and cancer, so the statement in option B is incorrect. IBS does not affect fertility, so option C is also incorrect. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is D as none of the statements provided are true for individuals with irritable bowel syndrome.
Question 2 of 5
The pediatric nurse understands that the most common cancer found in children is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acute lymphocytic leukemia. This type of leukemia is the most common cancer in children, accounting for about 25% of all childhood cancers. It originates in the bone marrow and affects the production of white blood cells. Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma (choice A) is also a common childhood cancer, but it primarily affects lymph nodes. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (choice C) is rare in children and more common in adults. Ewing’s sarcoma (choice D) is a type of bone cancer that is more prevalent in adolescents and young adults, not typically in younger children.
Question 3 of 5
A child with meningococcemia is being admitted to the pediatric intensive-care unit. Which room assignment is the most appropriate for this child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Private room, in respiratory isolation. This is because meningococcemia is spread through respiratory droplets. Placing the child in a private room with respiratory isolation measures helps prevent the spread of the disease to other patients and healthcare workers. Choice A (Semiprivate room) is incorrect as it does not provide sufficient isolation to prevent transmission. Choice B (Private room, but not in isolation) is incorrect because meningococcemia requires isolation precautions due to its mode of transmission. Choice C (Private room, in protective isolation) is incorrect as protective isolation is typically used for patients with compromised immune systems, not for meningococcemia which requires respiratory isolation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a toddler who has a Wilms’ tumor. Which of the following should be included in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Preparation for surgery. Surgery is the primary treatment for Wilms' tumor in children. The rationale includes removing the tumor and affected kidney to prevent spread. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Abdominal palpation can cause tumor rupture. C: Teaching about dialysis is not typically needed for Wilms' tumor. D: Obtaining a 24-hr urine specimen is not a priority in the immediate care plan.
Question 5 of 5
A preschool-age child is brought to the clinic by the mother, who says the child has been lethargic and anorexic lately and complains of bone pain. On exam, the nurse notes petechiae, joint pain, and an enlarged liver. Which diagnosis does the nurse anticipate for this child?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Leukemia. The child's symptoms of lethargy, anorexia, bone pain, petechiae, joint pain, and an enlarged liver are indicative of leukemia, a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. The combination of symptoms suggests hematologic malignancy, which is characteristic of leukemia. Hodgkin disease (A), Rhabdomyosarcoma (C), and Ewing sarcoma (D) are not typically associated with the constellation of symptoms described. Leukemia commonly presents with bone pain, fatigue, bruising, and hepatosplenomegaly, aligning with the child's clinical findings.