ATI LPN
Questions About the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Patients that are sensitive to aspirin can take:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Clopidogrel. Patients sensitive to aspirin can take clopidogrel as it is an antiplatelet agent that works differently from aspirin, making it suitable for those who cannot tolerate aspirin. Sulfinpyrazone and ticlopidine are not recommended for patients sensitive to aspirin due to potential cross-reactivity. Choice D is incorrect as sulfinpyrazone is not recommended for aspirin-sensitive patients.
Question 2 of 5
The shape of a cell is maintained by which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Microtubules. Microtubules are structural components of a cell that help maintain its shape by providing support and stability. They form a network of filaments that serve as tracks for organelle movement and help in cell division. Spindle fibers (choice B) are involved in cell division, ribosomes (choice C) are responsible for protein synthesis, and centrioles (choice D) play a role in organizing microtubules during cell division. However, only microtubules are directly responsible for maintaining the shape of a cell through their structural support function.
Question 3 of 5
The hexose monophosphate pathway activity increases the RBC source of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: NADPH and reduced glutathione. In the hexose monophosphate pathway, glucose-6-phosphate is converted to ribose-5-phosphate and generates NADPH. NADPH is essential for maintaining cellular redox balance and for reducing oxidized glutathione to its reduced form, which helps protect against oxidative damage in RBCs. Choice A (Glucose and lactic acid) is incorrect because the pathway does not directly produce these compounds. Choice B (2,3-BPG and methemoglobin) is incorrect as these are not products of the hexose monophosphate pathway. Choice D (ATP and other purine metabolites) is incorrect because the main products of the pathway are NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate, not ATP or purine metabolites.
Question 4 of 5
The maximum number of erythrocytes generated by one Multipotential Stem Cell is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 16. A Multipotential Stem Cell can differentiate into various blood cell types, including erythrocytes. Through the process of erythropoiesis, each Multipotential Stem Cell can produce up to 16 erythrocytes. This is achieved through several stages of cell division and maturation. Choice A (8) is incorrect because the number of erythrocytes produced is greater. Choice B (1) is incorrect as a Multipotential Stem Cell can differentiate into multiple cells. Choice C (12) is also incorrect as the maximum number of erythrocytes produced is 16.
Question 5 of 5
Name 3 signs you might see on examination of a patient’s face, skin, and nails that are associated with iron deficiency anaemia. (Choose one)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Koilonychia. Koilonychia is a clinical sign associated with iron deficiency anemia characterized by spoon-shaped nails. This occurs due to the decreased production of hemoglobin, leading to changes in the nail bed. Fever (choice A) is not a typical sign of iron deficiency anemia. Rash (choice C) is not a common manifestation of this condition. Weight gain (choice D) is also not a typical sign, as iron deficiency anemia is more commonly associated with weight loss or failure to thrive. Therefore, choice B is the most appropriate sign to look for in a patient with iron deficiency anemia.