ATI LPN
Cardiovascular NCLEX Questions with Rationale Questions
Question 1 of 5
Patient presents with symptomatic CAD and is found to have LAD disease. Which treatment improves survival?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For symptomatic CAD with LAD disease, CABG has a class IIb indication to improve survival, particularly when considering less severe cases not meeting class I criteria.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is not known to predispose to the risk of developing transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Schistosoma hematobium is associated with squamous cell carcinoma rather than transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
Question 3 of 5
After diagnosing secondary syphilis(rash involving palms and soles of a traveling salesman), you should recommend all but the following:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Benzathine PCN 2.4 million units IM weekly x 3 is not recommended; a single dose is sufficient for treating secondary syphilis.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following statements is true concerning a newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic's risk for progression to ESRD?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All factors (retinopathy, proteinuria, creatinine elevation) are predictive of progression to ESRD in Type 2 diabetes, reflecting systemic microvascular damage.
Question 5 of 5
A 68-y old male with a longstanding history of cigarette smoking presents with a 3-month history of progressive shortness of breath and dyspnea on exertion. The symptoms have been ongoing and indolent. He reports chronic cough productive of his usual yellow sputum. Physical exam is notable for normal vital signs, prolonged expiratory phase and wheeze bilaterally, elevated jugular venous pressure, and moderate pedal edema. Hematocrit 49%. Which of the following is most likely to prolong his survival?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This patient likely has COPD with cor pulmonale (elevated JVP, edema). Long-term oxygen therapy is proven to prolong survival in hypoxemic COPD patients by reducing pulmonary hypertension and improving tissue oxygenation, as shown in trials like the NOTT and MRC studies.