ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Multiple Choice Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Patient presents with strong angina history without diabetes and angiogram finding significant complex 3 vessel disease and syntax score >22. What is the best course of action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For complex 3-vessel disease with a high SYNTAX score (>22), CABG is a class I indication due to improved survival outcomes compared to PCI or medical management alone.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for cancer development?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Genetic instability is a non-modifiable risk factor predisposing individuals to various types of cancer.
Question 3 of 5
After 'having a few', your patient made the mistake of talking politics with a couple of strangers. Badly bruised, he now presents to your office/ER with a swollen hand with multiple lacerations that, as best he recalls, were the result of punching someone in the mouth. Some appear infected. All but which of the following would be considered poor choices?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin®) is effective against both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria commonly found in human bites.
Question 4 of 5
What is the most important measure to prevent contrast-induced AKI in a patient with CKD?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Holding metformin is critical in preventing contrast-induced AKI in CKD patients, as it reduces the risk of lactic acidosis if renal function declines.
Question 5 of 5
A 45-year-old morbidly obese man with a history of untreated obstructive sleep apnea and type II diabetes presents with lower extremity swelling in 3 months of progressive shortness of breath. A transthoracic echocardiogram performed revealed severe pulmonary hypertension with a right ventricular systolic pressure of 85 mmHg with preserved right ventricular function. The patient's vital signs are normal except for an oxygen saturation of 85% while he is breathing ambient air. He has elevated jugular venous pressures, as well as a loud P2 component of the 2nd heart sound on cardiac auscultation. His lung examination is clear. He has no rash or synovitis. Which one of the following tests is most appropriate next step for better identifying the cause of this patient's hypoxemia and peripheral edema?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An arterial blood gas (ABG) is the most direct way to assess hypoxemia severity and type (e.g., hypoventilation vs. shunt) in this patient with pulmonary hypertension and OSA. It guides further workup for causes like chronic hypoxemia contributing to edema and PH, per pulmonary guidelines.