ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
Patient education regarding prescribed medication includes:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is correct because educating patients about expected adverse reactions prepares them to manage side effects and seek help if needed, enhancing safety and adherence. Choice A is incorrect as reading level should match the patient's, not a fixed standard. Choice C is wrong because storing leftovers encourages misuse—antibiotics should be completed. Choice D is incorrect since language should suit the patient, not always English.
Question 2 of 9
An adolescent girl reports having heavy menstrual periods. Her hemoglobin is consistently on the low end of the normal range. The primary care NP should prescribe:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because oral contraceptives reduce menstrual blood loss, preventing iron-deficiency anemia. Choice A is incorrect (iron for active anemia). Choice B is wrong (folic acid not preventive here). Choice D is inaccurate (diet insufficient).
Question 3 of 9
An NP prescribes an oral elixir medication for a child who is to take 1 tsp PO bid. When counseling the child's parents about administering this drug, the NP should tell them to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a syringe ensures accurate dosing (teaspoons vary 2.5-7.8 mL). Choice A is incorrect (elixirs don’t need shaking). Choice B is wrong (mixing risks incomplete dosing). Choice C is inaccurate (empty stomach isn’t required).
Question 4 of 9
Drugs that should be avoided in men with a history of prostate cancer include:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is correct because testosterone can fuel prostate cancer growth, so it's avoided in men with that history, per oncology standards. Choice B is incorrect as estrogen isn't typically contraindicated here. Choice C is wrong because progesterone lacks a strong link. Choice D is incorrect since only testosterone is key.
Question 5 of 9
A female patient who is 8 weeks pregnant is seen by a primary care nurse practitioner (NP) after a routine prenatal screen was positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A CD4 cell count is 750 cells/mm. The NP should:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because antiretrovirals like zidovudine are recommended in pregnancy but avoided in the first trimester if possible. Choice A is incorrect (first trimester risk). Choice C is wrong (delay risks transmission). Choice D is inaccurate (CD4 threshold not applicable).
Question 6 of 9
When educating a client with a new prescription for nitroglycerin, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with a new prescription for nitroglycerin is to take the medication at the first sign of chest pain. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used to relieve chest pain associated with angina. Taking it at the onset of chest pain ensures prompt relief by dilating blood vessels and increasing blood flow to the heart muscle. Storing nitroglycerin in a cool, dark place helps maintain its potency, while taking it with food can alter its absorption. Timing the medication with bedtime is not necessary, but prompt administration at the first sign of chest pain is crucial for effective management of angina. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because storing the medication in a cool, dark place, taking it before bedtime, and taking it with food are not essential instructions for nitroglycerin use. The priority is to administer it promptly when chest pain occurs to achieve optimal therapeutic effects.
Question 7 of 9
Strategies to improve adherence to medication regimes include:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Choice C is correct because involving a family member improves adherence by providing support and reinforcing education, especially for complex regimens. Choice A is incorrect as assuming understanding risks miscommunication. Choice B is wrong because sixth-grade level may not suit all patients—tailoring is better. Choice D is incorrect since health literacy often differs from general literacy, requiring specific assessment.
Question 8 of 9
A client has a new prescription for verapamil. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to monitor their heart rate daily when taking verapamil. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that can cause bradycardia, making it crucial to monitor the heart rate regularly to detect any changes promptly. Choice B, taking the medication at bedtime, is not specifically related to verapamil administration. Choice C, avoiding grapefruit juice, is more relevant to medications metabolized by CYP3A4 enzymes, not verapamil. Choice D, taking the medication with food, is not a specific instruction for verapamil, as it can be taken with or without food.
Question 9 of 9
Azithromycin dosing requires that the first day's dosage be twice those of the other 4 days of the prescription. This is considered a loading dose. A loading dose:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is correct because a loading dose, like azithromycin's higher first-day dose, quickly elevates drug levels to the therapeutic range for faster effect. Choice B is incorrect as steady state, not loading, takes four to five half-lives; loading bypasses this delay. Choice C is wrong because renal function affects maintenance dosing, not the loading concept. Choice D is incorrect since circulation to tissues is a distribution issue, not the purpose of a loading dose.