Parents bring their infant to the clinic seeking treatment for vomiting and diarrhea that has lasted for 2 days. On assessment, the nurse detects dry skin and mucous membranes, and listlessness. What other findings suggests a fluid volume deficit?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Sunken eyes and fontanel (C) indicate fluid volume deficit in infants due to dehydration from fluid loss. Dehydration causes increased pulse (not decreased, A), decreased BP (not increased, B), and high specific gravity (not low, D). Document: 'Signs of fluid volume deficit… include sunken fontanels, increased pulse rate, and decreased blood pressure.'

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hypothyroidism screening is mandatory at birth (B) in the U.S. via newborn screening to prevent developmental delays. Other timings (A, C, D) are incorrect. Document: 'A screening test for hypothyroidism is… performed at birth.'

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Black cohosh (C) reduces menopausal hot flashes by lowering luteinizing hormone. Primrose (A) aids skin, echinacea (B) immunity, and milk thistle (D) liver. Document: 'Black cohosh diminishes hot flashes… [and] other menopausal discomforts.'

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Knee-chest position (D) relieves cyanotic spells in tetralogy of Fallot by increasing systemic resistance. Other positions (A, B, C) are ineffective. Document: 'The infant should be placed in a knee-chest position.'

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Droplet precautions for meningitis continue 24 hours (B) post-antibiotics to ensure contagion reduction. Shorter (A) or longer (C, D) are incorrect. Document: 'Until 24 hours after appropriate antimicrobial therapy.'