ATI LPN
Questions About the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Oral iron supplement absorption. True statement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because iron is better absorbed in the ferrous form compared to the ferric form. Ferrous iron is more soluble and readily absorbed by the body through the duodenum and upper small intestine. Intrinsic factor is needed for the absorption of vitamin B12, not iron (Choice B). Ascorbic acid actually enhances iron absorption by reducing ferric iron to the more absorbable ferrous form, so Choice C is incorrect. Large intestine absorption (Choice A) is not a significant route for iron absorption in the body.
Question 2 of 5
Which is a primary lymphoid organ?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Thymus. The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ where T lymphocytes mature. It plays a crucial role in the development of the immune system. Lymph nodes (A), spleen (B), and Peyer's patches (C) are considered secondary lymphoid organs where immune responses are initiated but not where lymphocytes mature. Thymus is the only choice that fits the criteria of being a primary lymphoid organ.
Question 3 of 5
Which statement is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Antibodies are opsonins. Antibodies are proteins produced by B-cells that can bind to antigens, marking them for destruction by phagocytic cells. Opsonins enhance phagocytosis by promoting the binding of pathogens to phagocytes. This statement is correct because antibodies can act as opsonins. B: B-cells can't recognize naive antigen - Incorrect. B-cells can recognize and respond to naive antigens through their B-cell receptors. C: T-cells recognize naive antigen - Incorrect. T-cells also recognize and respond to naive antigens through their T-cell receptors. D: T-helper cells not important for cytokines - Incorrect. T-helper cells play a crucial role in orchestrating the immune response by producing cytokines that regulate immune cell activities.
Question 4 of 5
Why do older people have weaker immune systems?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because older people tend to have lower levels of plasma proteins, such as antibodies, which play a crucial role in immune function. This results in a weaker immune response to pathogens. Explanation: 1. Plasma proteins are essential for immune defense. 2. Aging leads to a decline in plasma protein levels. 3. Lower plasma protein levels weaken the immune system's ability to fight infections. Summary: B and C are incorrect because bone marrow and platelets are not directly related to immune system weakening in older individuals. D is incorrect as lymphocytes becoming more reactive would actually suggest a stronger immune response, not a weaker one.
Question 5 of 5
A clinic nurse is caring for a client admitted with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The nurse has assessed that the client is experiencing a progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are most likely related to the onset of which complication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy. This condition, also known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), is a common neurological complication of AIDS. It is caused by direct infection of the central nervous system by the HIV virus, leading to cognitive, behavioral, and motor impairments. Other choices are incorrect because B-cell lymphoma typically presents with lymphadenopathy, Kaposi sarcoma with skin lesions, and wasting syndrome with severe weight loss and muscle wasting.