Opioids are often utilized in patients in palliative settings. Which side effect is generally associated with their use in this patient population?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Nausea is a common opioid side effect due to central nervous system and gastrointestinal effects. Opioids typically cause constipation (not diarrhea), sedation (not vigilance), and may relieve dyspnea in palliative care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Acetaminophen is safer in patients with cardiovascular risk factors and does not exacerbate hypertension or renal dysfunction compared to NSAIDs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Group II synovial fluid is inflammatory and typically seen in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or other inflammatory arthritides, making 'Inflammatory arthritis' the correct choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Heart failure with normal ejection fraction is particularly likely to develop in the elderly, in women, and in those without a history of MI. A middle-aged man with a previous history of MI may have heart failure, but the older woman fits the criteria of heart failure with normal ejection fraction. A young female athlete with cardiomegaly may experience heart failure, but is not the normal patient profile for this condition. A young sedentary male with a high-stress job may experience heart failure, but this patient does not fit the normal profile for this condition.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Frothy, blood-tinged sputum (D) is a late sign indicating severe pulmonary edema in advanced heart failure.