One of the following is true regarding FRC?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: At FRC, intra-alveolar pressure equals atmospheric . FRC (~2.5 L) is lung resting volume (A, true) and thorax's (B, true), but query seeks one. Alveolar pressure is 0 mmHg (760 mmHg) at rest (C), with intrapleural at -5 cm H2O (D, false). Compliance isn't lowest (E, false maximal, Q37). C's equilibrium unlike D's pressure error defines FRC's no-flow state, per physiology (Q2).

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Bloody pleural effusion occurs in pulmonary infarction (A) and post-myocardial infarction (C) thus D (A & C). Infarction from embolism lyses RBCs into pleura; post-MI (e.g., Dressler's syndrome) involves inflammation, bleeding into pleural space. Cholesterol effusion (B) is chronic, crystalline, not bloody. Meig's syndrome (D) ovarian tumor-related causes transudative effusion, rarely hemorrhagic. A and C reflect acute vascular or inflammatory damage, yielding high RBC counts (>10,000/mm³), key in thoracentesis analysis to differentiate malignancy or trauma, guiding chest management.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Pulmonary infarction (C) embolic necrosis predisposes to lung abscess; tissue death fosters anaerobic infection (e.g., Bacteroides). Pneumococcus type III pneumonia (A) consolidates, rarely necrotizes. Sideroderma (B likely scleroderma misprint) affects vessels, not abscesses. Mitral stenosis (D) causes congestion, not infarction. Regional enteritis (E Crohn's) links to GI, not lungs. Infarction's ischemic damage, often post-embolus, is key in abscess pathogenesis, guiding imaging and antibiotics in chest nursing.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pneumothorax air in pleura links to emphysematous bleb , ruptured subpleural air sacs (e.g., COPD) collapsing lung. Friction rub (A) is pleuritis. CHF (B) causes effusion. Duct rupture (C) is chylothorax. Pseudomonas (D) ties to empyema. Bleb rupture's sudden dyspnea/hyperresonance is key, guiding chest tube insertion in emergency nursing.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, causes psychosis, peptic ulcer, osteoporosis glucocorticoid effects on CNS, gastric mucosa, and bone (e.g., 20% bone loss risk). Myelosuppression (A) fits cytotoxics. Protein defects (B) tie to asparaginase. Neuropathy (C) is vincristine. Cystitis (D) is cytoxan. Prednisone's side effects are key in nursing for steroid tapering and GI protection.