ATI LPN
Questions About the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
One of the following conditions is associated with anemia due to decreased erythropoietin response:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bone marrow infiltration. When the bone marrow is infiltrated by tumors or other abnormal cells, it impairs the production and release of erythropoietin, leading to decreased erythropoietin response and subsequent anemia. Hypothyroidism (choice A) does not directly affect erythropoietin levels. Myelofibrosis (choice B) is associated with increased erythropoietin levels due to ineffective erythropoiesis. Thalassemia (choice D) is a genetic disorder affecting hemoglobin production, but it does not directly impact erythropoietin response.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is conducting a teaching session with a client on their diagnosis of pemphigus. Which statement by the client indicates that the client understands the diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it accurately states that pemphigus is an autoimmune disease that causes blistering of the skin. This demonstrates an understanding of the underlying cause of the condition. Option A is incorrect as pemphigus presents with blistering, not tiny red vesicles. Option B is incorrect as pemphigus is not caused by a virus. Option D is incorrect as the description provided does not match the characteristic presentation of pemphigus.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is performing an assessment on a client who has been diagnosed with an allergy to latex. In determining the client's risk factors, the nurse should question the client about an allergy to which food item?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bananas. Latex allergy is associated with cross-reactivity to certain fruits like bananas due to similar proteins. Therefore, questioning the client about a banana allergy is crucial to assess the risk of allergic reactions. Eggs (A), milk (B), and yogurt (C) are not typically associated with latex allergies, making them less relevant in this context.
Question 4 of 5
A 50-year-old woman with joint pain, morning stiffness, Hb 10.3 g/dL, MCV 80 fL, low serum iron, low iron-binding capacity. Most likely explanation for anemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C, anemia of chronic disease. This type of anemia is characterized by low serum iron, low iron-binding capacity, and normocytic, normochromic red blood cells. In chronic inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, the body’s response to inflammation leads to impaired iron metabolism and decreased erythropoiesis. This explains the low iron levels and anemia in this patient. Choices A, B, and D do not fit the clinical picture as occult blood loss, vitamin deficiency, and sideroblastic anemia would present with different laboratory findings and mechanisms of anemia.
Question 5 of 5
A 52-year-old man with cirrhosis, weight loss, liver mass. Most important initial diagnostic study?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serum α-fetoprotein level. In a patient with cirrhosis and liver mass, an elevated α-fetoprotein level suggests hepatocellular carcinoma. This is important for early detection and management. Choice B (Colonoscopy) is not indicated for liver masses. Choice C (Hepatitis C viral RNA) is relevant for hepatitis C diagnosis but not specific for evaluating a liver mass. Choice D (Upper GI endoscopy) is used for assessing upper gastrointestinal issues, not liver masses. Therefore, Serum α-fetoprotein level is the most appropriate initial diagnostic study in this scenario.