ATI LPN
Assessment of Hematologic System NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
On admission to a medical unit, a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tests positive for benzodiazepine. The client denies using this medication. Which medication is likely causing a false-positive result?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Efavirenz. Efavirenz is known to cause false-positive results in benzodiazepine testing due to its structural similarity to certain benzodiazepines. Efavirenz is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in the treatment of HIV. The other choices, Doravirine, Nevirapine, and Etravirine, are not associated with causing false-positive results in benzodiazepine testing. Therefore, the client's positive benzodiazepine result is likely due to the use of Efavirenz.
Question 2 of 5
Which medication might the nurse question if administered to the client with anemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin levels. Step 2: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor commonly used to treat hypertension, but it can cause anemia as a side effect. Step 3: Administering Lisinopril to a client with anemia can worsen the condition by further reducing red blood cell production. Step 4: Therefore, the nurse should question administering Lisinopril to a client with anemia to avoid exacerbating the condition. Summary: - A (Cipro): An antibiotic, not typically contraindicated in anemia. - C (Acetaminophen): A pain reliever, not directly related to anemia. - D (Ferrous sulfate): Iron supplement, actually used to treat anemia.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse understands that the client with pernicious anemia will have which distinguishing laboratory findings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because pernicious anemia is typically caused by the absence of intrinsic factor, a protein necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12. Without intrinsic factor, the body cannot properly absorb vitamin B12, leading to anemia. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Schilling's test is used to diagnose pernicious anemia, but an elevated result is not a distinguishing laboratory finding. C: Sedimentation rate is a nonspecific test for inflammation and is not specific to pernicious anemia. D: RBC count of 5.0 million is within the normal range and is not a distinguishing feature of pernicious anemia.
Question 4 of 5
A vegetarian client was referred to a dietitian for nutritional counseling for anemia. Which client outcome indicates that the client does not understand nutritional counseling? The client:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Drinking coffee or tea with meals can inhibit iron absorption due to the presence of tannins and polyphenols. Step 2: Tannins bind to iron, making it less available for absorption in the body. Step 3: Polyphenols in coffee and tea also interfere with iron absorption. Step 4: Therefore, by drinking coffee or tea with meals, the client is hindering the absorption of iron from their diet. Summary: A: Adding dried fruit provides iron and is beneficial for anemia. B: Cooking in iron pots can increase dietary iron intake. D: Adding vitamin C enhances iron absorption, indicating understanding of nutritional counseling. C: Drinking coffee or tea with meals limits iron absorption, indicating a lack of understanding.
Question 5 of 5
A client with anemia asks, 'Why am I feeling tired all the time?' How does the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because anemia reduces the number of red blood cells, leading to decreased oxygen delivery to tissues, causing fatigue. The nurse's response highlights the underlying issue of inadequate oxygen supply due to anemia. Choice A focuses on sleep duration, which is not directly related to anemia. Choice B mentions iron deficiency, a common cause of anemia, but it does not address the specific issue of oxygen delivery. Choice C suggests rest for sickness, not addressing the chronic fatigue associated with anemia. Thus, the correct answer D provides a clear and logical explanation for the client's tiredness.