ATI LPN
Questions on the Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Of the four parts of respiration, the part when oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the body's tissue cells, is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Internal respiration (D) is the O₂ and CO₂ exchange between blood and tissue cells, per the key. Pulmonary ventilation (A) moves air into lungs (e.g., 6-8 L/min at rest). External respiration (B) occurs in alveoli. Transport of respiratory gases (C) is blood-mediated (e.g., 98% O₂ on Hb). At tissues, O₂ unloads (PvO₂ ≈40 mmHg) to cells, and CO₂ (PvCO₂ ≈46 mmHg) enters blood, per Bohr effect (pH shift). This cellular gas swap vital for metabolism (e.g., 250 mL/min O₂ use) defines D, contrasting with A's airflow, B's lung focus, or C's transit role, making internal respiration the tissue-specific process.
Question 2 of 5
A client newly diagnosed with asthma has infrequent acute episodes. The nurse should teach the client that which medication is most effective for providing quick relief in acute episodes?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Short-acting beta-agonist (SABA, e.g., albuterol) (B) relieves acute asthma fast, per document (implied 2). SABAs relax bronchial smooth muscle (FEVâ‚ up 15% in 5 min), easing dyspnea (RR <20). Corticosteroids (A) reduce inflammation long-term, not acutely. Anti-inflammatories (C) prevent, not relieve. Daily bronchodilators (D) are maintenance. B's rapid onset peak 30 min distinguishes it from A's delay, per GINA guidelines.
Question 3 of 5
A 6-year-old child is hospitalized following an acute asthmatic episode. Which statement by the parents indicates that further teaching is needed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Quit the swim team' (B) shows misunderstanding, per document (2). Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is managed cromolyn (A) or albuterol pre-exercise (D) cut symptoms (80% efficacy). EIA (C) is common (10-15% kids). Swimming often helps asthma. B's restriction unlike A's prevention ignores control options, per GINA, needing correction.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the body systems listed below cooperate to supply Oâ‚‚ to cells and eliminate COâ‚‚? 1) digestive system 2) cardiovascular system 3) urinary system 4) respiratory system 5) endocrine system
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cardiovascular (2) and respiratory (4) systems cooperate to supply oxygen (Oâ‚‚) to cells and eliminate carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚). The respiratory system inhales Oâ‚‚, exchanging it into blood via alveoli (external respiration), while the cardiovascular system transports it to tissues and returns COâ‚‚ to lungs for exhalation. Digestive (1) provides nutrients, not gases. Urinary (3) excretes waste, not COâ‚‚ directly. Endocrine (5) regulates metabolism, not gas transport. Only 2 and 4 directly handle Oâ‚‚ delivery and COâ‚‚ removal, a synergistic pair essential for cellular respiration, key in physiology and conditions like COPD or heart failure disrupting this balance.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse teaches a client with COPD to assess for s/sx of right-sided heart failure. Which of the following s/sx would be included in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Peripheral edema is a key sign of right-sided heart failure, common in COPD due to pulmonary hypertension increasing right heart workload. Blood backs up into systemic veins, leaking fluid into tissues, causing swelling (edema), often in legs or ankles. Clubbing of nail beds (A) indicates chronic hypoxia, not heart failure specifically. Hypertension (B) ties to left-sided failure, elevating systemic pressure, not right-sided fluid buildup. Increased appetite (D) contradicts heart failure's typical anorexia from congestion. Teaching should also cover jugular venous distention or hepatomegaly, but edema is a clear, client-observable sign. This reflects cor pulmonale, a COPD complication, making patient awareness vital for early reporting and management, distinct from left-sided failure's pulmonary edema.