ATI LPN
NCLEX PN Questions Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Of the following disease, the one in which a marked Leucocytosis is most likely to be found is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lobar pneumonia (A) most likely shows marked leucocytosis bacterial infection (e.g., Streptococcus pneumoniae) drives neutrophil counts high (e.g., 15,000-20,000/mm³) as an acute response. Atypical pneumonia (B viral, Mycoplasma) has normal or mild elevation. Tuberculosis (C) may show lymphocytosis, not marked leucocytosis, unless severe. Influenza (D) often depresses counts. Sarcoidosis features granulomas, not neutrophil surges. Lobar's bacterial consolidation lobar opacity on x-ray triggers this, key in differentiating from chronic or viral etiologies, guiding antibiotic therapy in respiratory nursing.
Question 2 of 5
Microcytic anemia is not found in:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Microcytic anemia (small RBCs, MCV <80 fL) isn't found in pernicious anemia (B) B12 deficiency causes macrocytic anemia (MCV >100 fL) from impaired DNA synthesis. Hypothyroidism (A), malabsorption (C), and chronic infection reduce iron, yielding microcytosis. Folic acid deficiency (D) mirrors B12, macrocytic. Pernicious anemia's autoimmune gastric atrophy blocks B12 absorption, key in hematology nursing for Schilling test and B12 therapy.
Question 3 of 5
Early signs of excessive exposure to X-ray or radium can best be detected by periodic:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blood counts (D) best detect early X-ray/radium exposure radiation damages marrow, dropping WBCs, platelets (e.g., <1000/μL) within weeks. Chest X-ray (A) shows lung damage later. Urinalysis (B) or liver tests (C) miss hematologic effects. EKGs assess heart, not radiation. Counts' sensitivity to marrow suppression is key in nursing for occupational exposure monitoring and halting exposure.
Question 4 of 5
The classic triad of symptoms in pernicious anemia is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pernicious anemia's triad is weakness, sore tongue, paresthesias (D) B12 deficiency causes anemia (weakness), glossitis (sore tongue), and neuropathy (paresthesias, e.g., numbness). Heartburn (A, B) or dysphagia (C, E) aren't classic esophageal webs are rare. Triad reflects multisystem B12 loss, key in nursing for symptom recognition and B12 therapy.
Question 5 of 5
Defective clot retraction and a normal platelets count might be due to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glanzmann's thrombasthenia GPIIb/IIIa defect impairs clot retraction despite normal platelet count (e.g., 200,000/μL), causing mucocutaneous bleeding. Iron deficiency (A) affects RBCs. Von Willebrand's (B likely disease misprint) lowers vWF, not retraction. Neoplastic (C) or Osler-Weber (D vascular) don't fit. Glanzmann's fibrinogen binding failure is key, guiding nursing for transfusion support.